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抗鸟害水稻材料是一种稀缺的种质资源,研究其稻谷颖壳的表面结构(颖壳稃尖闭合程度,稃毛的长度、直径和密度,颖壳包裹米粒松紧度),以及与颖壳机械强度和韧性相关的硅(Si)元素含量,旨在为抗鸟害水稻新种质的开发利用和理论研究提供依据。利用扫描电镜和能谱技术,观察分析了一种已稳定遗传至第10代的抗鸟害水稻变异品系和3个对照水稻品种稻谷颖壳表面的细胞结构和硅元素含量,结果表明:(1)变异品系颖壳稃尖闭合程度及颖壳的中上部稃毛长度、直径、密度均显著大于对照;(2)对照颖壳与米粒之间的间隙明显大于变异品系;(3)变异品系颖壳外表面的Si含量显著低于对照,而内表面Si含量明显高于对照,内外表面Si含量之差明显低于对照。说明抗鸟害水稻材料的稻谷颖壳表面结构和硅元素含量与普通水稻存在显著差异,为培育抗鸟害水稻新品种提供了有用指标。
The anti-avian rice material is a scarce germplasm resource, and the surface structure of the rice glume shell is studied (the closure of the glume shell, the length, the diameter and the density of the hairs, the tightness of the glume coated by the glume shell) The mechanical strength and toughness of the shell related to silicon (Si) element content, aimed at the development and utilization of anti-bird rice new germplasm and theoretical basis. Using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, we observed the cell structure and silicon element content of a bird resistant rice mutant line stably inherited to the 10th generation and three control rice lines. The results showed that: (1 (2) The gap between control glume shell and rice grain was significantly larger than that of the mutant line; (3) The variation of the cross between the glume shell and the rice grain was greater than that of the control The Si content on the outer surface of the shell was significantly lower than that of the control, while the content of Si on the inner surface was significantly higher than that of the control, and the difference of Si content between the inner and outer surfaces was significantly lower than that of the control. The results showed that the surface structure of rice glume and the content of silicon in the anti-bird rice were significantly different from that of the common rice, which provided a useful index for cultivating the new rice variety resistant to the bird disease.