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目的 了解医院医务人员感染严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的相关危险因素。方法 应用病例对照研究设计,采用统一的调查表,调查接触和诊治SARS患者的医务人员造成感染SARS的可疑危险因素,以SARS患者为病例.未被感染者为对照,用SPSS 10.0软件进行单因素分析,SAS6.12进行多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果 在所调查的49种因素中,27种与SARS感染显著关联,其中22种因素为保护性因素,5种为危险性因素。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示:戴眼镜、受分泌物喷溅污染、穿防护服、从事现职时间、与患者接触方式和口罩类型等6种因素在SARS院内感染中起到重要作用。结论 医务人员在诊治SARS患者中,其医疗活动所涉及诸多因素与促使或造成感染有关,建议医务人员在临床诊治SARS患者时,防护重点应放在口罩、眼罩和防护服的穿戴上。
Objective To understand the related risk factors of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among hospital medical staff. Methods A case-control study was designed and a uniform questionnaire was used to investigate suspicious risk factors of SARS among medical staff who contacted and diagnosed SARS patients. SARS patients were taken as the case-control subjects. SPSS 10.0 software was used to perform single factor Analysis, SAS6.12 multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Of the 49 factors investigated, 27 were significantly associated with SARS infection, of which 22 were protective and 5 were risk factors. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that six factors such as wearing glasses, splashing pollution, wearing protective clothing, engaging in working time, contacting with patients and masks types played an important role in nosocomial infection of SARS. Conclusions The medical staffs involved in the medical treatment of SARS may be involved or impeded in the diagnosis and treatment of SARS. It is suggested that the medical staff should focus on the wearing of masks, goggles and protective clothing in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SARS patients.