[目的]了解泉州市甲型H1N1流感的流行现状及人群抗体水平,为判断疫情、完善防控策略提供依据。[方法]对泉州报告的甲流病例进行流行病学分析;采用病例对照法,分年龄层随机抽取已接种和未接种甲流疫苗的健康人群检测病毒抗体。[结果]截至2010年6月30日,泉州市共报告甲型H1N1病例577例,其中重症86例,危重9例,死亡4例;发病率男性高于女性,市中心地区和沿海高于山区,病例主要分布在6～10岁组。疫苗接种与未接种组抗体阳性率分别为75.0%和23.3%(2=32.042,P<0.01);6～17岁组与18～55岁组总体抗体阳性率较高。[结论]小年龄组为甲流防控的重点人群,应加强该人群的监测,及早发现异常信息,有效防控;积极实行疫苗接种,提高全人群抗体水平,有效构筑免疫屏障。 [Objective] To understand the prevalence of Influenza A (H1N1) and antibody levels in Quanzhou and provide basis for judging epidemic situation and perfecting prevention and control strategies. [Methods] An epidemiological analysis on cases of influenza A reported in Quanzhou was carried out. A case-control study was conducted to detect virus antibodies in healthy population randomly selected from vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients. [Results] As of June 30, 2010, a total of 577 cases of type A H1N1 were reported in Quanzhou, including 86 cases of severe disease, 9 cases of severe disease and 4 deaths. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, the downtown area and the coastal areas were higher than the mountains , The cases are mainly distributed in 6 to 10 years old group. The positive rate of antibody in vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups was 75.0% and 23.3% respectively (2 = 32.042, P <0.01). The positive rate of total antibodies in 6-17 years old group and 18-55 years old group was higher. [Conclusion] The small age group is the key population for prevention and control of Influenza A, we should strengthen the monitoring of this population, detect the abnormal information as early as possible and effectively prevent and control it. Active vaccination should be carried out to raise the level of antibody in whole population and effectively construct immune barrier.