马克思认为 ,19世纪中叶的资本主义政治制度实质上是以行政权力为中心的制度。行政权力凌驾于社会之上 ,对社会进行政治压迫和经济剥削乃是这种政治制度的本质特征。马克思在《法兰西内战》中所描述的巴黎公社政治体制 ,则是在打碎资产阶级的行政中心制度以后建立起来的、以社会权力为中心的政治体制。这种政治体制是未来无产阶级政治民主制的基础。马克思所设想的社会共和国则是这种新的政治体制的集中体现 According to Marx, the capitalist political system of the mid-19th century was essentially a system centered on administrative power. Administrative power is above the society and political oppression and economic exploitation of society are the essential features of this political system. The political system of the Paris Commune described by Marx in the “Civil War in France” is a political system centered on social power that was established after the system of the administrative center of the bourgeoisie was smashed. This political system is the basis for the future proletarian political democracy. The social republic envisioned by Marx is the concentrated embodiment of this new political system