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一般的随机噪声去除方法都是通过信号分析和处理手段在信号变换空间对随机噪声进行压制,这些方法没有考虑地震信号本身所具有的特性,容易造成有效信号的损失,而本文的随机噪声去除方法是从地震波传播的角度,利用地震数据映射方法根据有效信号和随机干扰在成像空间和数据空间的不同表现进行相干加强处理去除随机干扰,可以在去除噪声的同时更好的保持有效信号.数据映射算子由频率波数域共偏移距相移法叠前时间偏移和反偏移算子两部分构成.在常规叠前时间域相移法的基础上,本文采用成像域相移法进行叠前时间偏移和反偏移,可以在一定程度上提高数据映射的计算效率,并采用自适应的变孔径方法来改善数据映射的成像质量.通过模型和实际资料处理表明,该去噪方法能有效提高资料的信噪比,改善同相轴的连续性.
Generally, random noise removal methods suppress the random noise in the signal transformation space through signal analysis and processing methods. These methods do not consider the characteristics of the seismic signal itself and easily cause the loss of the effective signal. The random noise removal method From the point of view of seismic wave propagation, using seismic data mapping method to coherently process the different signals in the imaging space and data space to remove random interference according to different signals of effective signal and stochastic interference, the effective signal can be kept while removing noise. The operator is composed of prestack time migration and anti-migration operator in the frequency wave number domain co-offset phase shift method.On the basis of the conventional prestack time domain phase shift method, Which can improve the computational efficiency of data mapping to a certain extent and improve the imaging quality of data mapping by using adaptive variable aperture method.The model and actual data processing show that this method can Effectively improve the signal to noise ratio of the data, and improve the continuity of the events.