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目的了解广州市严重急性呼吸道感染(SARI)病例的流感流行特征。方法2014―2015年采集广州市监测点医院SARI病例的呼吸道样本,进行A型和B型流感病毒通用引物核酸检测。结果 2014―2015年共监测3 822例SARI病例,检出流感病毒核酸阳性951例,总阳性率为24.88%。其中A(H1N1pdm)阳性414例,阳性率为10.83%;A(H3)阳性378例,阳性率为9.89%;B型阳性121例,阳性率为3.17%;H5N6亚型禽流感病毒核酸阳性1例,阳性率为0.03%;H7N9亚型禽流感病毒核酸阳性37例,阳性率为0.97%。2014年SARI病例的流感流行高峰出现在上半年,以A(H1N1pdm)流行为主,2015年SARI病例的流感流行高峰出现在6―7月,以A(H3)流行为主。H7N9、H5N6禽流感感染的SARI病例主要集中在冬春季节。结论 2014―2015年广州市SARI病例流感病毒阳性检出率较高,以A(H1N1pdm)和A(H3)型流感病毒流行为主,今后应加强对SARI病例流感病毒的监测。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Guangzhou. Methods The respiratory samples of SARI cases from Guangzhou Monitoring Point Hospital were collected from 2014 to 2015, and the common primers of influenza A and B were detected. Results A total of 3 822 SARI cases were monitored during 2014-2015. A total of 951 cases of influenza virus nucleic acid were detected, with a total positive rate of 24.88%. The positive rate of A (H1N1pdm) was 414 (positive rate was 10.83%); the positive rate of A (H3) was 378, the positive rate was 9.89%; the positive rate was 3.17% for B type; the positive rate of H5N6 subtype was 1 Cases, the positive rate was 0.03%; H7N9 subtype of avian influenza virus nucleic acid positive 37 cases, the positive rate was 0.97%. In 2014, the peak of influenza in SARI cases occurred in the first half year, mainly in the epidemic of A (H1N1pdm). In 2015, the peak of influenza in SARI cases occurred in June-July, with A (H3) predominance. SARS cases of H7N9 and H5N6 bird flu are mainly concentrated in winter and spring. Conclusion The positive rate of influenza A (H1N1pdm) and A (H3) influenza viruses was high in SARI cases in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2015. Influenza virus surveillance in SARI cases should be strengthened in the future.