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目的：观察恶性肿瘤并发蛋白尿患者治疗后尿的变化，并探讨其临床意义，为临床防治提供依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法，选择2010年1月~2014年9月在本院进行治疗的恶性肿瘤患者367例，其中170例患者并发蛋白尿，为观察组，197例患者未并发蛋白尿，为对照组。主要观察两组患者临床分期、转移状况、临床症状变化、存活时间及不同程度蛋白尿患者临床症状结果。结果观察组患者Ⅲ~Ⅳ期和肿瘤转移患者分别为80.59%（137/170）和75.88%（129/170），均高于对照组54.82%（108/197）和42.64%（84/197），差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)；观察组患者临床症状无变或加重为55.29%（94/170），高于对照组36.55%（72/197），差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)；观察组患者临床症状消失或临床缓解分别为10.59%（18/170）和34.12%（58/170），低于对照组16.75%（33/197）和46.70%（92/197），差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)，观察组患者存活时间<6个月为81.18%（138/170），高于对照组38.58%（76/197），差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)，观察组患者平均存活时间为(5.48±1.25)月，低于对照组(14.29±1.56）月，差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)。蛋白尿程度≥+++临床症状无变或加重为68.93%（71/103），高于蛋白尿±~++34.33%（23/67）；蛋白尿程度≥+++临床症状消失为4.85%（103/103），低于蛋白尿±~++19.40%（13/67），差异均具有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论恶性肿瘤并发蛋白尿患者多属中晚期及病灶出现转移，患者治疗后临床症状加重较多，且随着蛋白尿的程度加重而加重，患者存活时间明显减少。“,”Objective To observe urine changes after treatment of patients with malignant tumor complicated with proteinuria,and explore the clinical significance.And to provide basis for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Adopting the method of retrospective study,367 malignant treated in hospital were selected from January in 2010 to September in 2014, including 170 patients with proteinuria who were as the observation group,197 patients without concurrent proteinuria,as the control group.Observed the main clinical stage, metastasis, clinical symptoms change,survival time of the two groups and clinical symptoms result of varying different degrees proteinuria.Results stage and tumor metastasis of the observation group were 80.59%(137/170) and 75.88%(129/170) , higher than the control group 54.82%(108/197) and 42.64%(84/197),the differences was statistically significant ( <0.05).No change or increase of the clinical symptoms of the observation group was 55.29% (94/170),higher than the control group 36.55% (72/197),the differences was statistically significant( <0.05).The disappeared or clinical remission of the clinical symptoms of the observation group were 10.59%(18/170)and 10.59%(58/170),lower than the control group 16.75%(33/197) and 46.70% (92/197),the differences were statistically significant ( <0.05). The survival time<6 month of the observation group was 81.18% (138/170),higher than the control group 38.58% (76/197),the differences were statistically significant( <0.05),The average survival time of the observation group was (5.481.25) month,lower than the control group (14.29±1.56)months,the differences were statistically significant ( <0.05).No change or worsening of clinical symptoms of proteinuria degree +++was 68.93% (71/103),higher than proteinuria~++34.33% (23/67),symptoms disappeared of proteinuria degree+++was 4.85% (103/103),lower than proteinuria++19.40%(13/67),the differences was statistically significant( <0.05).Conclusion Patients with cancer complicated by proteinuria mostly advanced lesions appear and metastasis in patients with clinical symptoms worsened after more,and with the degree of proteinuria aggravation aggravated significantly reduced survival time of patients.