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为了探讨甘肃省胡麻高产栽培方案,以‘天亚9号’为试验材料,采用播种量(X_1)、底施氮肥(X_2)、底施磷肥(X_3)、底施钾肥(X_4)、叶面施钾肥(X_5)、叶面施硼肥(X_6)、生长调节剂(多效唑,X_7)、生育期灌水量(X_8)的8因素均匀设计,研究不同栽培因子对高产优质胡麻‘天亚9号’籽粒产量的影响,并对胡麻产量与各栽培因子进行相关性分析、通径分析及主成分分析.结果表明:影响胡麻产量的因素为播量、底施氮肥、底施钾肥、生长调节剂、底施磷肥、叶面喷施钾肥;其相关性依次为播量>生长调节剂(多效唑)>底施氮肥>底施磷肥>叶面喷施钾肥>底施钾肥.进一步进行最高产量模拟寻优,采用频数分析法得到胡麻产量大于173.58 kg·hm~(-2)的优化栽培因子为:播量4.68~4.92 kg·hm~(-2),底施氮肥11.59~14.75 kg·hm~(-2),底施磷肥17.26~21.95 kg·hm-2,底施钾肥7.00~12.50 kg·hm~(-2),叶面肥(磷酸二氢钾)1.41~1.81 kg·hm~(-2),生长调节剂(多效唑)751.74~954.04 g·hm~(-2).
In order to explore the high yield cultivation program of flax in Gansu Province, the experiment was carried out using ’Tianya No.9’ as test material, and the effects of sowing rate (X_1), bottom nitrogen fertilizer (X_2), bottom phosphorus fertilizer (X_3) Eight factors including potash fertilizer (X_5), foliar application of boron fertilizer (X_6), growth regulators (paclobutrazol, X_7) and watering period (X_8) were evenly designed to study the effects of different cultivation factors on the yield and quality of flax ’Tianya 9 The results showed that the factors influencing the yield of flax were as follows: sowing rate, bottom nitrogen application, bottom application of potash fertilizer, growth regulator , Followed by application of phosphate fertilizer and foliar application of potassium fertilizer.The correlations were as follows: sowing rate> growth regulator (paclobutrazol)> bottom nitrogen application> bottom application of phosphate fertilizer> foliar application of potash fertilizer> bottom application of potash fertilizer. The optimized cultivation factors for the yield of flax with the yield of more than 173.58 kg · hm -2 by frequency analysis were as follows: the sowing rate was 4.68 ~ 4.92 kg · hm -2 and the nitrogen application rate was 11.59 ~ 14.75 kg · hm ~ (-1) -2), underlying phosphate application was 17.26 ~ 21.95 kg · hm-2, potassium application was 7.00 ~ 12.50 kg · hm -2, foliar fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) was 1.41 ~ 1.81 kg · hm -2, growth regulator 751.74 ~ 954.04 g · hm -2.