19世纪中后期 ,法国处于社会大变革中 ,社会道德“失范” ,传统宗教戒律失去权威。针对这种混乱的局面 ,涂尔干要求重建社会和道德秩序 ,提出了理性道德教育 ,并指出理性道德德具有三大基本要素 :纪律精神、牺牲精神和自律精神。道德三要素理论是涂尔干道德教育思想的核心内容 ,研究这一理论对我国现阶段的公民道德建设具有重要的现实意义 In the mid-19th century, France was undergoing major social changes. Social morals were “out of control” and traditional religious precepts lost their authority. In response to this chaotic situation, Durkheim demanded to rebuild the social and moral order and put forward a rational moral education. He pointed out that rational morality has three basic elements: discipline, sacrifice and self-discipline. The theory of three elements of morality is the core content of Durkheim’s moral education thought. Studying this theory has important practical significance to the current construction of civil morality in our country