目的了解呼和浩特市居民饮用水中的总α、总β放射性水平并进行其所致居民剂量的估算。方法采用GB/T 5750.13-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法:放射性指标》中的标准曲线法及薄样法分别对水样的总α、总β放射性进行测量并计算出居民通过饮水所致辐射暴露的年均有效剂量(AEV)。结果呼和浩特市居民饮用水的总α活度浓度为0.06~0.38 Bq/L,总β活度浓度为0.04~0.28 Bq/L。居民通过饮水所致辐射暴露的年均有效剂量在0.0157~0.0993 m Sv/a之间。丰水期和枯水期饮用水的总放射性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2014年呼和浩特市居民饮用水中的总放射性调查结果及居民通过饮水所致辐射暴露的年均有效剂量均低于世界卫生组织的参考水平。呼和浩特市的饮用水可供居民长期饮用。 Objective To understand the total α and total β radioactivity in drinking water of residents in Hohhot and to estimate the inhabitants dose. Methods The total α and total β radioactivity of water samples were measured by standard curve method and thin-plate method in GB / T 5750.13-2006 “Standard Test Method for Drinking Water Quality: Radioactive Index”, and the radiation caused by drinking water was calculated Exposure to the average effective dose (AEV). Results The total α activity of drinking water in Hohhot was 0.06 ~ 0.38 Bq / L, and the total β activity was 0.04 ~ 0.28 Bq / L. The annual average effective dose of radiation exposure caused by drinking water is between 0.0157 and 0.0993 mSv / a. There was no significant difference in the total radioactivity of potable water in wet and dry periods (P> 0.05). Conclusions The results of the total radioactive survey in drinking water of residents in Hohhot in 2014 and the average annual effective dose of radiation exposure caused by drinking water by residents are lower than the WHO reference level. Hohhot drinking water for residents to drink long-term.