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经79个代表性县、市调查,山东省麦田杂草主要有22种,隶属13科,21属。其中以十字花科、石竹科、紫草科、藜科杂草发生危害普遍。各农区麦田杂草种类、优势种组合及区域分布特点有一定的差异。总的趋势是由南向北随纬度的推移,耐湿的杂草渐减,耐寒、抗旱杂草增多;由渤海农区向湖东农区推移,耐盐碱杂草递减,喜肥湿杂草渐多。冬麦田杂草有秋、春两个发生高峰期,以春季发生数量大,危害重。化学防除适期以冬小麦返青至拔节期为宜。化防药剂除继续推广2,4-D丁酯外,高效、低毒、安全性好的新一代除草剂阔叶散、阔叶净、甲黄隆等可在我省大面积推广。
After 79 representative counties and cities surveyed, there are 22 kinds of weeds in wheat field in Shandong Province, belonging to 13 families and 21 genera. Which Cruciferae, Caryophyllaceae, Comfrey, Chenopodiaceae weeds occur generally. The weed species, the dominant species combinations and the regional distribution characteristics of the wheat fields in each agricultural area differed to some extent. The general trend is from south to north with the latitude, moisture-tolerant weeds diminished, cold, drought weeds increased; from the Bohai Sea to the farmland over the lake, saline-alkali weeds diminished, hi fat weed More. Winter wheat weeds have autumn, spring two peak period occurs in large quantities in spring, endangered. Chemical control appropriate winter wheat regrowth to jointing appropriate. Chemical anti-drug addition to continue to promote 2,4-D-butyl, efficient, low toxicity, good safety and a new generation of herbicides broadleaf powder, broadleaf net, such as jiahuanglong in large areas in our province to promote.