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本文采用θ指数、区位熵、偏离份额分析方法,考察台湾岛内制造业空间集聚及其变化情况。θ指数分析结果表明:相较于2009年,2012年台湾制造业空间分布的集中程度总体下降,但石油及煤制品制造业、产业用机械设备维修及安装业呈现明显的集聚分布。区位熵分析结果显示:中南部县市是台湾制造业空间分布的集聚区域,拥有具备比较优势的制造业行业数量明显超过北部和东部地区。偏离份额分析结果显示:岛内北部地区一些传统制造业出现扩张趋势,而技术密集型产业正在向中南部地区扩散转移,中部地区业已成为台湾机械制造业和石化产业的核心基地,集聚效应凸显,竞争优势增强。鉴于台湾许多制造业,特别是石化工业、机械产业、电子信息产业,业已显现较强的集聚效应,两岸在这些制造业领域所开展的合作,一方面,应有针对性地指向特定的集聚区域;另一方面,应考虑这些产业在两岸的空间布局,达成两岸集聚区域的双向互动与融合发展。
In this paper, θ index, location entropy and deviation from share analysis are used to examine the spatial agglomeration of manufacturing industry in Taiwan and its changes. The analysis of θ index shows that compared with 2009 and 2012, the overall concentration of manufacturing space in Taiwan declined overall, but the oil and coal products manufacturing industry and the industrial machinery and equipment repair and installation industry showed a clear concentration distribution. The results of location entropy analysis show that the central and southern counties and cities are the agglomeration areas of the manufacturing distribution in Taiwan, and the number of manufacturing industries with comparative advantages has obviously exceeded the number of the northern and eastern regions. The analysis of deviation from share shows that some traditional manufacturing industries in the northern part of the island have been expanding, while technology-intensive industries are spreading to and from central and southern parts of China. Central China has become the core base of Taiwan’s machinery manufacturing and petrochemical industries, Competitive advantage increased. In view of the fact that many manufacturing industries in Taiwan, in particular the petrochemical industry, the machinery industry and the electronic information industry, have shown strong agglomeration effects, the cooperation between the two sides in these manufacturing industries should, on the one hand, be targeted to specific agglomeration areas ; On the other hand, we should consider the spatial distribution of these industries across the Taiwan Strait and reach a two-way interaction and integration of the cross-Strait gathering areas.