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目的了解重庆市巴南区流感流行特征及其变化规律,为制定流感防控策略提供科学依据。方法对巴南区2007-2011年流感病例进行描述性流行病学分析;监测哨点医院门诊流感样病例就诊比、病原谱和优势毒株;监测流感及流感样病例聚集性和暴发疫情流行特征。结果 2007-2011年,巴南区共报告流感病例773例,无重症和死亡病例,年均发病率为18.26/10万,发病率最高的为2009年,最低的为2007年。流感高发于3~4月;主要分布于鱼洞街道,15岁以下的学生为主要发病人群。除发生流感大流行外,巴南区每年发生流感及流感样病例聚集性或暴发疫情数控制在5起以内,主要发生在学校和托幼机构。2007-2011年哨点医院共监测流感样病例2 240例,病原学诊断299例,阳性率为13.35%。在确诊的299例病例中,甲型H1N1流感占33.78%;季节性流感A型占23.76%;季节性流感B型占42.47%。2009年,甲型H1N1流感病毒为优势毒株,其他4年以季节性流感病毒为优势毒株。其中季节性A型和B型流感病毒其优势性呈现交替式变化。结论巴南区流感高发于3~4月,主要分布于鱼洞街道,15岁以下的学生为主要发病人群,季节性A型和B型流感病毒其优势性呈现交替式变化。
Objective To understand the pandemic characteristics and the variation of influenza in Banan District in Chongqing and to provide a scientific basis for the development of influenza prevention and control strategies. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis of influenza cases in Banan District from 2007 to 2011 was conducted. Outpatient flu-like illness cases, pathogen spectrum and predominant strains in sentinel outpatient hospitals were monitored. The epidemiological characteristics of flu and influenza-like illness were collected. . Results From 2007 to 2011, a total of 773 influenza cases were reported in Banan District. No severe cases or deaths were reported. The average annual incidence was 18.26 / lakh. The highest incidence was in 2009 and the lowest was in 2007. Influenza high incidence in March to April; mainly distributed in Yudong Street, students under 15 years of age as the main incidence of the crowd. In addition to the influenza pandemic, there are no more than five cases of influenza-like and flu-like cases of agglomeration or outbreak per year in Banan District, mainly occurring in schools and nurseries. A total of 2 240 cases of influenza-like illness were monitored in sentinel hospitals during 2007-2011, and 299 cases were diagnosed by etiological diagnosis. The positive rate was 13.35%. Of the 299 confirmed cases, influenza A (H1N1) accounted for 33.78%, seasonal influenza A (23.76%) and seasonal influenza B (42.47%). In 2009, the Influenza A (H1N1) virus was the dominant strain and the other 4 years was the predominant strain of seasonal influenza virus. Among them, the seasonal influenza A and B viruses showed their dominant changes alternately. Conclusion The incidence of influenza in Banan District was high from March to April, mainly distributed in Yudong Street. Students under 15 years of age were the main pathogens. The seasonal changes of influenza A and B viruses showed alternating superiority.