目的:观察芝麻素与维生素E联用对代谢综合征大鼠肾脏的保护作用并探讨两药联用的协同关系.方法:采用高脂高糖饮食24周诱导大鼠代谢综合征,第9周(57 d)口服含芝麻素(30 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))、芝麻素+维生素E[(30+20)、(15+20)mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)]和维生素E(20mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))饲料16周.24周末称体重和左肾湿重;测血糖、血脂、血压、肾功能、肾皮质氧化和抗氧化指标;HE和Masson染色观察肾脏形态及胶原沉积;免疫组化法表达诱导型一氧化氮合酶和硝基酪氨酸.结果:(1)模型组肾功能明显损害,肾小球发生硬化和肾间质纤维化,并出现大量炎症细胞浸润,肾小球和肾间质胶原沉积,脂质过氧化物损伤因子MDA、NO_2~-/NO_3~-和OH~-含量升高,iNOS蛋白和硝基酪氨酸表达明显上调,抗氧化酶保护因子T-SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性显著降低;(2)芝麻素+维生素E[(30+20mg/kg)]组能明显降低血糖、血脂和血压,提高肾皮质总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性,减少丙二醛、NO_2~-/NO_3~-和羟自由基含量,下调诱导型一氧化氮合酶和硝基酪氨酸,减轻肾小球与肾间质胶原沉积,逆转肾小球硬化和肾间质纤维化,改善肾功能,并且优于单用芝麻素组和维生素E组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论:芝麻素(30 mg/kg)与维生素E(20 mg/kg)联用具有协同抗氧化和抗代谢综合征大鼠肾脏损伤作用.“,”AIM:To study the renoprotective and synergistic effects of sesamin in combination with vitamin E on nephropathy in rats with the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Nephropathy of metabolic syndrome in rats was induced by high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet. Sesamin (30 mg· kg~(-1). d~(-1)), sesamin +vitamin E [(15 + 20) mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), sesamin+vitamin E (30+20) mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)] and vitamin E (20 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) were given to rats with metabolic syndrome at 9th week and lasted for 16 weeks. After 24 weeks, the body weight, left kidney humid weight,blood glucose (BG), blood lipids (BL), systolic blood pressure (SBP), renal function, and indexes of oxygenation and antioxygenation for renal cortex were measured. Pathological changes, collagen deposition and iNOS protein and nitrotyrosine expression of kidney were observed by HE-stain, Masson-stain and immunohistochemical method, respectively. RESULTS: (1)In high-fat and refined-sugar diet group (HFS): the levels of BG, BL, SBP, and MDA, OH~- and NO_2~-/NO_3~- in renal cortex were increased; the activities of T-SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in renal cortex were decreased; the expressions of iNOS protein and nitrotyrosine in kidney were up-regulated; the inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition in renal glomerulus and renal interstitium were severe; the glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis were obvious; the renal function was deteriorated. (2)In sesamin + vitamin E [(30 + 20) mg· kg~(-1)·d~(-1)] group: the decreases in BG, BL, SBP, MDA, OH~- and NO_2~-/NO_3~- in renal cortex were obviously observed; the ctivities of T-SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in renal cortex were increased; the expressions of iNOS protein and nitrotyrosine in kidney were down-regulated; the inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition in renal glomerulus and renal interstitium were improved; the glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis were reversed; the renal function was ameliorated. The therapeutic effect of sesamin + vitamin E [(30 + 20)mg· kg~(-1)·d~(-1)] surpassed that of using sesamin or vitamin E alone (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: Sesamin and vitamin E have synergistic antioxidant activity and protective effect against renal disease in metabolic syndrome rats.