慢性良性粒细胞减少(CBG)需与先天性粒细胞缺乏症(Kostmann综合征,CA)相鉴别,后者更严重。重组人型粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)治疗先天性粒细胞缺乏症及慢性粒细胞缺乏症等中性粒细胞减少症有效。但至今未见rhG-CSF对儿童期CBG疗效的报道。本文研究rhG-CSF对CBG患者的疗效并与先天性粒细胞缺乏症患者比较。对象和方法先天性粒细胞缺乏症患者 Chronic benign neutropenia (CBG) needs to be differentiated from congenital agranulocytosis (Kostmann’s syndrome, CA), the latter being more severe. Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is effective in the treatment of neutropenia such as congenital agranulocytosis and chronic agranulocytosis. But so far no report of rhG-CSF efficacy in children with CBG. This article investigates the efficacy of rhG-CSF in patients with CBG and compares it with that of patients with congenital agranulocytosis. Subjects and methods Patients with congenital agranulocytosis