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铅对胎儿及儿童发育的影响,尤其是对神经发育的毒性作用一直是学者关注的焦点。铅对婴幼儿脑功能的影响和远期效应,似乎没有浓度下限。儿童血铅浓度每上升100μg/L则智商平均下降1~2分[1],危害可以持续到成年[2-3]。近年发现铅对发育期神经系统的毒性作用非常广泛,其机制涉及面广,现将有关进展综述如下。1铅对神经系统发育各个阶段的影响神经系统的发育从胚胎第3周神经管的形成开始,经历了诱导、增殖、迁移、分化、突触的形成等过程,而铅几乎对每个环节都产生影响,严重者可导致低能或痴呆。
The impact of lead on fetal and child development, especially on the neurotoxicity has always been the focus of scholars. Lead on infant brain function and long-term effects, it seems there is no lower concentration limit. For every 100 μg / L increase in blood lead levels in children, the IQ decreases by an average of 1 to 2 points [1], and the harm can last until adulthood [2-3]. In recent years, lead has been found to have a very wide range of toxic effects on the nervous system during development. Its mechanism involves a wide range of topics. The progress made is summarized below. 1 Lead on the various stages of the development of the nervous system Nervous system development from the first 3 weeks of embryonic neural tube formation, undergoing induction, proliferation, migration, differentiation, synapse formation and other processes, and lead almost every link Have an impact, severe cases can lead to low energy or dementia.