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本文利用2007年中国家庭收入调查数据,考察了城镇居民与乡城移民在医疗支出上的不公平性。本文利用非线性分解方法对城镇居民与乡城移民的医疗支出参与差异进行了非线性分解,利用Blinde-Oaxaca方法对医疗支出水平差异进行了线性分解。结果表明:在两类居民医疗支出参与差异中,特征效应为59.44%,系数效应即不公平部分为40.56%,且与收入有关的不公平相当高;而对于发生了医疗支出的城镇居民与乡城移民,其医疗支出水平差距完全是不公平的。政府应该高度重视城镇化进程中的医疗保健不公平,着力进行户籍制度改革和医疗保障制度改革,消除对乡城移民在医疗服务利用上的歧视,以促进医疗保健公平。
Based on the 2007 China household income survey data, this paper examines the unfairness of medical expenditure between urban residents and rural migrants. In this paper, the non-linear decomposition method is used to decompose the differences in medical expenditure between urban residents and rural migrants. The Blinde-Oaxaca method is used to linearly decompose the differences in medical expenditure. The results show that among the two types of residents, the characteristic effect is 59.44%, the coefficient effect is 40.56%, and the income-related unfairness is quite high. For the urban residents who have medical expenses and township Urban immigrants, the level of medical expenditure gap is completely unfair. The government should attach great importance to the inequity of health care in the process of urbanization, focus on the reform of the household registration system and the reform of the medical security system, and eliminate the discrimination of rural migrants in the utilization of medical services so as to promote the equity of health care.