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目的了解韶关市慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的流行病学情况,同时调查CKD的危险因素,为制定符合韶关市CKD患者特点的预防和治疗指南提供依据。方法采用分层多级随机抽样方法,随机抽取符合条件的对象约1000例,并从我院体检中心中抽取符合条件的对象约4000例,进行问卷调查、体格检查和肾脏损伤及相关危险因素检测。结果在资料完整的5000例对象中,CKD的发病率为8.92%;对该疾病的知晓率为8.80%,认知率为7.30%。CKD最多见的表现形式是血尿(50.43%)和蛋白尿(31.76%)。多因素Logistic回归提示,性别、年龄、吸烟、体重指数、血压、血糖和血尿酸是CKD的危险因素。结论韶关市CKD的患病率虽低于国内平均水平,但患者对其疾病状况的知晓率和认知率却很低,随着都市化进程以及人口的老龄化和生活方式的改变,CKD的患病率仍有可能攀升,因此,应加强CKD的筛查和预防,开展CKD的健康教育,有针对性采取干预措施,以提高慢性肾脏病的防治水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Shaoguan City and to investigate the risk factors of CKD so as to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment guidelines in line with the characteristics of CKD patients in Shaoguan City. Methods A total of about 1,000 eligible cases were randomly selected by stratified multistage random sampling method. About 4000 eligible patients were selected from the physical examination center of our hospital for questionnaire survey, physical examination, renal injury and related risk factors . Results Among the 5000 cases with complete data, the incidence of CKD was 8.92%. The awareness of the disease was 8.80% and the awareness rate was 7.30%. The most common manifestations of CKD are hematuria (50.43%) and proteinuria (31.76%). Multivariate Logistic regression suggested that gender, age, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose and serum uric acid were risk factors for CKD. Conclusion Although the prevalence of CKD in Shaoguan City is lower than the national average level, the awareness rate and cognitive rate of patients with CKD is very low. With the process of urbanization and population aging and lifestyle changes, CKD Therefore, the screening and prevention of CKD should be strengthened, the health education of CKD should be carried out and targeted interventions should be taken to improve the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease.