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目的:研究生长高峰前期及后期,不同矢状骨面型,上颌骨生长方向的变化。方法:根据颈椎发育分期,选取处于CVS1、CVS2的96例及处于CVS5、CVS6的83例初诊患者为研究对象,其中生长高峰前期,骨性Ⅰ类32例、Ⅱ类33例、Ⅲ类31例;生长高峰后期,骨性Ⅰ类29例、Ⅱ类29例、Ⅲ类25例,均有治疗前的X线头颅侧位片,通过测量∠SN-C轴(θ),来研究矢状骨面型的上颌骨生长方向及生长因素对其的影响。结果:①生长高峰前期组,骨性Ⅱ类C轴角(θ)均值为47.14°,Ⅲ类为47.37°,Ⅰ类为48.42°,其中Ⅱ类C轴角与Ⅰ类之间差异有统计学意义(PⅠⅡ<0.05)。②生长高峰后期组,骨性Ⅲ类C轴角均值49.95°,骨性Ⅰ类为48.88°,骨性Ⅱ类为48.25°,骨性Ⅱ、Ⅲ类之间C轴角有统计学差异(PⅡⅢ<0.01)。③在生长发育过程中,骨性Ⅲ类C轴角平均增幅为2.59°(P<0.005),骨性Ⅱ类平均增幅为1.11°,骨性Ⅰ类为0.46°,骨性Ⅲ类C轴角明显增大,生长高峰前后期,C轴角差异有高度统计学意义。结论:①在生长过程中,骨性Ⅱ、Ⅲ类上颌骨垂直向生长明显,尤其是Ⅲ类,因此应在生长高峰期开始注意垂直距离的控制。②骨性Ⅱ类在高峰前期主要是矢状向的生长,因此针对上颌骨发育过度的矫形治疗应在高峰前期开始治疗。③在生长发育过程中骨性Ⅰ类上颌骨生长方向基本不变,垂直向和矢状向生长是协调的。
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of the sagittal plane and maxillary growth in the early and late peak growth period. Methods: According to the cervical staging, we selected 96 newly diagnosed CVS1 and CVS2 patients and 83 newly diagnosed CVS5 and CVS6 patients as study subjects. Among them, there were 32 cases of type Ⅰ, 33 cases of type Ⅱ, 31 cases of type Ⅲ . In the late peak of growth, there were 29 cases of type Ⅰ, 29 cases of type Ⅱ and 25 cases of type Ⅲ, all had X-ray cephalometric slices before treatment. The sagittal bone was studied by measuring the ∠SN-C axis (θ) Effect of facial maxillary growth direction and growth factors on it. Results: (1) In the early growth peak group, the mean axial (θ) values of C in skeletal class Ⅱ were 47.14 °, Ⅲ class was 47.37 °, and Ⅰ class was 48.42 °. Among them, the difference between C axis angle of class Ⅱ and Ⅰ group was statistically significant Significance (PⅠⅡ <0.05). ② In the late peak growth stage, the mean axial C-axis values of skeletal class Ⅲ were 49.95 °, the skeletal class Ⅰ was 48.88 °, the skeletal class Ⅱ was 48.25 °, and the skeletal class Ⅱ and Ⅲ C-axis angles were statistically different (PⅡⅢ <0.01). (3) In the process of growth and development, the average increase of C axis angle of skeletal Class Ⅲ was 2.59 ° (P <0.005), the average increase of skeletal Class Ⅱ was 1.11 °, the skeletal Class Ⅰ was 0.46 °, the skeletal Class Ⅲ C axis angle Significantly increased, before and after the growth peak, C-axis angle difference was highly statistically significant. Conclusion: (1) In the process of growth, the vertical development of the maxillaes in bony group Ⅱ and Ⅲ is obvious, especially in the class Ⅲ. Therefore, attention should be paid to the control of the vertical distance during the growth peak. ② skeletal class Ⅱ in the early peak is mainly sagittal growth, so for the development of orthopedic maxillary overcorrection should start treatment in the early peak. In the process of growth and development, the growth direction of bony type Ⅰ maxillary bone is basically the same, and the vertical and sagittal growth are coordinated.