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使用ANSYS有限元分析软件对5052铝合金薄板脉冲激光焊接过程进行温度场模拟,模型使用了三维锥体热源,通过模拟结果与试验结果的对比确认了模型的可靠性。通过分别改变峰值功率、脉宽和频率,分析了各焊接参数对焊缝截面形状及表面最高温度的影响。结果表明,焊缝的熔深、熔宽和表面最高温度均随峰值功率、脉宽或频率的增加而增加,其中,峰值功率对这些焊缝参数的影响最大,脉宽次之,频率最小。采用低单脉冲能量、高频率的参数设定能在获得较低的焊缝表面最高温度的同时,获得一定的熔深。
The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to simulate the temperature field in the pulsed laser welding process of 5052 aluminum alloy sheet. The model used three-dimensional pyramid heat source. The reliability of the model was confirmed by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results. By changing the peak power, pulse width and frequency respectively, the influence of welding parameters on the cross-section shape and the maximum surface temperature of the weld was analyzed. The results show that the penetration depth, the melting width and the maximum temperature of the weld increase with the increase of the peak power, pulse width or frequency. The peak power has the greatest influence on these weld parameters, followed by the pulse width and the minimum frequency. The use of low single-pulse energy, high-frequency parameter setting can obtain a certain penetration depth while obtaining a lower maximum weld surface temperature.