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塑化剂主要是指邻苯二甲酸酯类,分子结构类似于人工荷尔蒙,可以通过多种途径进入人体,如呼吸道、消化道及皮肤等,虽然大部分可经人体代谢,但仍有少量积留于体内而不易排出,因此,长期摄入可导致体内高浓残留,引起生殖系统异常、造成流产、先天缺陷、男性生育能力下降、甚至胎儿畸形以及癌症等严重危险[1]。乳酸菌作为公认的益生菌,具有促进消化吸收、调整肠道内菌群、降低胆固醇、增强免疫力、抗肿瘤等生理作用[2]。近些年来乳酸菌的抗癌与抗突变特性逐渐受到研究者的关注。目前大多研究集中在乳酸菌对于黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉素A、伏马毒素、玉米烯酮等真菌毒素,以及杂环胺和重金属等的吸附和去除方面[3]。塑化剂问题作为常见的食品安全问题,还未找到有效的去除方法和途径,给消费者健康带来安全隐患。本期刊登了赵丽丽、贺新丽、赵宏飞等的论文“乳杆菌吸附塑化剂的影响因素分析及效果评价”[4],作者选用类食品乳杆菌412和嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM进行了塑化剂吸附效果研究,结果显示乳杆菌菌体对3种塑化剂DEP、DBP或DEHP具有不同的吸附效果,其中DBP的吸附效果最好,为43.32%;而且菌株在塑化剂吸附效果上存在差异性,菌株NCFM表现出较高的吸附效果。初步的研究证实乳杆菌细胞具有吸附介质中塑化剂的能力,为有效去除食品中的塑化剂提供可能性和理论上的指导。关于乳酸菌吸附真菌毒素的研究较多,且研究认为乳酸菌对于真菌毒素的去除主要是通过细胞壁的物理吸附效果,但是对于其他有毒有害物质的去除研究较少。目前,国内外还未见有关于运用乳酸菌去除塑化剂的研究报道。益生菌属于肠道有益菌群,运用益生菌的抗突变特性去除食物体系中残留的塑化剂,可以为食品安全生产以及塑化剂的有效去除问题提供一定的理论指导。该文研究了塑化剂吸附菌株、吸附条件以及部分影响因素,对于吸附机理研究还不够深入,具体吸附机制尚不清楚,还需要后续深入研究。在具体运用时食物体系中还会有多种因素的影响,还需要做具体深入的研究。
Plasticizers mainly refers to phthalates, molecular structure similar to artificial hormones, can enter the body through a variety of ways, such as the respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin, although most of the metabolism by the body, but there is still a small amount of product Stay in the body and not easily discharged, therefore, long-term intake can lead to high concentrations of residues in the body, causing abnormal reproductive system, resulting in abortion, birth defects, decreased male fertility, and even fetal malformations and cancer and other serious dangers [1]. As a recognized probiotic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria have the physiological functions of promoting digestion and absorption, regulating intestinal flora, lowering cholesterol, enhancing immunity, and anti-tumor. In recent years, the anti-cancer and anti-mutagenic properties of lactic acid bacteria have gradually attracted the attention of researchers. Most of the current research focuses on the adsorption and removal of lactic acid bacteria for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisin, zearalenone and other mycotoxins, and heterocyclic amines and heavy metals [3]. As a common food safety problem, plasticizers have not found effective ways and means of removing them, posing a safety hazard to consumers’ health. This issue of Zhao Lili, He Xinli, Zhao Hongfei and other papers “Lactobacillus sorption plasticizer influence factor analysis and evaluation ” [4], the author selected the type of food Lactobacillus 412 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM were plasticized The results showed that Lactobacillus had different adsorption effects on three plasticizers, DEP, DBP and DEHP, and the adsorption effect of DBP was the best, which was 43.32%; and the strain existed in the plasticizer adsorption effect In contrast, strain NCFM showed higher adsorption efficiency. Preliminary studies confirm that Lactobacillus cells have the ability to adsorb the plasticizer in the medium and provide the possibility and theoretical guidance for effectively removing the plasticizer in the food. Lactobacillus on the adsorption of mycotoxins are more studies, and the study that the removal of mycotoxins lactic acid bacteria mainly through the physical adsorption of cell walls, but less for the removal of other toxic and harmful substances. At present, there are no reports about using lactic acid bacteria to remove plasticizers at home and abroad. Probiotics belong to the beneficial bacteria group in the intestine. Using the anti-mutagenic property of probiotics to remove the plasticizers remaining in the food system can provide some theoretical guidance for the safe production of food and the effective removal of plasticizers. In this paper, the plasticizer adsorbed strains, adsorption conditions and some of the factors that affect the adsorption mechanism is not deep enough, the specific adsorption mechanism is not clear, but also need to follow-up in-depth study. In the specific application of food system there will be a variety of factors, but also need to do specific in-depth study.