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眼与身体其它部分一样容易发生药物毒副作用,并且眼的所有组织均易受药物毒性损害。最常受累者是球结膜、角膜、晶体、视网膜、视神经及眼外肌。英国药物安全委员会(CSD)从1964年起,8年内收到药物副作用报告28,000份,其中1,000份(3.5%)涉及眼部。估计这些报告不及实际发生的10%。各国有关部门和研究工作者对此亦加以重视。引起眼毒性反应的药物较多,资料散见于各种文献,本文就所见文献中关于全身给药导致眼毒性反应作一概述,内容将论及毒性反应的发病率、临床表现、可逆性、后果、中毒部位、机理、中毒剂量、安全剂量等。
Eyes are as susceptible to drug side effects as other parts of the body and all tissues of the eye are susceptible to drug toxicity damage. The most commonly affected are bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, lens, retina, optic nerve and extraocular muscle. The UK Drug Safety Board (CSD) has received 28,000 drug side effects reports in 8 years since 1964, of which 1,000 (3.5%) involve the eye area. These reports are estimated to be less than 10% of what actually happened. Relevant departments and research institutes in various countries also attach importance to this. There are many drugs that cause ocular toxicity. The data are scattered in various literatures. This article summarizes the literature about systemic administration of ophthalmic toxicity. The content of the review will focus on the incidence, clinical manifestations, reversibility, Consequences, poisoning site, mechanism, poisoning dose, safe dose and so on.