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本文意在构建以识解理论为根本、分层次的汉语情状分析模型。要对汉语中与情状有关的语法现象做出全面、清晰的阐述,应明晰动词、谓词以及句子这3个层次的语言单位对于情状表达的作用。形式上,动词加上宾语/补语构成谓词,谓词加上体标记构成句子。语义功能上,动词和谓词表达特定的情状框架,句子表达具体的情状类型,情状框架有被体标记识解为不同情状类型的潜势。对汉语多义构式“V在+LP”的分析发现:有些子构式表达的情状类型虽然都可视为一般意义上的状态,但其谓词表述的情状框架却不一致;有些子构式其谓词表述的情状框架相同,但突显了情状框架的不同部分。这初步表明本文构建的情状分析模型能清晰、精细地表征汉语的多种情状类型。
This article is intended to build a Chinese language analysis model based on the understanding theory. To make a comprehensive and clear explanation of the grammatical phenomena related to the Chinese language, we should clarify the role of verbal, predicate and sentence-level linguistic units in expressing the situation. Formally, the verb plus object / complement constitutes a predicate, predicate plus body mark to form a sentence. Semantic function, the verb and predicate to express a specific framework of the situation, the sentence expression of specific types of situations, the framework of the situation has been labeled as a body tag to different types of potential situation. The analysis of Chinese polysemy “+ V + LP” shows that although some subtypes can be regarded as general state, their subjective structures are not consistent The same is the case for its predicate, but highlights the different parts of the framework of the situation. This preliminary indicates that the model of the situation analysis constructed in this paper can clearly and finely characterize many kinds of Chinese emotion types.