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聚酯用来做轮胎的增强材料决不是个新事物,日本和美国的轮胎制造厂商已经设计生产出胎体和胎面层以聚酯为增强材料的轮胎有数年之久了。与日本和美国比起来,欧洲生产轮胎转向用聚酯作增强材料的速度就慢多了,多年来直至最近,人造丝还是轿车子午胎的首选增强材料。其原因是:从当地资源情况看,欧洲有足够的人造丝可以满足其需求;人造丝长丝及其织物的生产工艺容易;与其它可利用的轮胎用帘线材料相比,以人造丝为增强材料的轮胎的性能优异并且其价格可以接受。 人造丝长期占据欧洲的一个主要原因是轮胎行业及相关行业都有多年加工处理人造丝的经验,而且全都由可处理人造丝的设备装备着。此外,缺乏可有效取代人造丝的有竞争力的纤维也是一个因素。 聚酯开发 由于在技术上和经济的竞争中聚酯已经赶上了人造丝,多年来欧洲的轮胎制造厂商们已形成了将轮胎用增强材料由人造丝转变为聚酯的趋势。这种趋势的形成是早自70～80年代就已经开始的聚酯纤维制造技术改进的结果。当时,纤维制造厂商们推销聚酯纤维用在诸如乘用车轮胎的胎体等方面。当时供出售的那种质量水平的纤维在今天被称为普通聚酯。 早先胎体接头沉陷(或胎侧凹陷,记作SWI)是聚酯用作轮胎增强材料的主要弱点之
The use of polyester as a reinforcing material for tires is by no means a new thing. Japanese and American tire manufacturers have been designing tires that use carcass and tread layers with polyester as a reinforcing material for several years. Compared with Japan and the United States, European production of tire turning polyester as a reinforcing material is much slower. Over the years, rayon has been the preferred reinforcing material for radial tires for cars. The reason is: from the perspective of local resources, Europe has enough rayon to meet its demand; the production process of rayon filaments and fabrics is easy; compared with other available tire cord materials, rayon is Reinforced material tires are excellent and their price is acceptable. One of the main reasons for the long-term occupation of rayon in Europe is that the tire industry and related industries have many years of experience in processing rayon, and they are all equipped with equipment that can handle rayon. In addition, the lack of competitive fibers that can effectively replace rayon is also a factor. Polyester Development Since polyester has caught up with rayon in a technical and economical competition, European tire manufacturers have for many years developed a tendency to convert the tire reinforcing material from rayon to polyester. This trend was formed as a result of improvements in the manufacturing technology of polyester fibers that had begun since the 70s and 80s. At the time, fiber manufacturers sold polyester fibers for use in carcasses such as passenger car tires. The quality level of fiber available for sale at the time was today referred to as ordinary polyester. Early carcass joint subsidence (or sidewall depression, denoted as SWI) is a major weakness of polyester as a tire reinforcement material.