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实验应力分析是用实验手段对结构或零件进行应力分析的各种方法的总称,现已发展成了专门的学科。它的实用性很强,在机械、能源、水利工程、建筑、铁道桥梁、武器设计制造、航天及航空工程等技术领域内获得了广泛的应用。现在,已扩展到地质力学、复合材料力学、生物力学、海洋工程、地震研究等许多新的研究领域。从产品设计造型、制定检验规范,分析零部件失效原因,提出改进措施等,直到验证理论假设,探索力学的规律性等都能借助于实验应力分析这门学科。在工程设计中充分运用实验应力分析手段,对于保证产品质量,达到安全可靠、经济合理的要求,将是很重要的环节。
Experimental stress analysis is a general term for various methods of stress analysis of structures or parts by experimental means and has now developed into a specialized discipline. Its practicality is very strong. It has been widely used in such fields as machinery, energy, water conservancy, construction, railway bridges, weapon design and manufacturing, aerospace and aeronautical engineering. Now, it has been extended to many new fields of research, such as geomechanics, composite mechanics, biomechanics, marine engineering, seismic research. From the product design modeling, the development of inspection norms, analysis of the causes of failure of parts, put forward improvements and so on, until the verification of theoretical assumptions, explore the laws of mechanics and so on can take advantage of experimental stress analysis of this discipline. Making full use of the experimental stress analysis method in engineering design will be a very important link for ensuring the product quality, achieving the requirements of safety, reliability and economy.