供给侧改革——与危机赛跑的制度创新在过去的三十年,中国曾有一张骄傲的成绩单。改革开放三十年,高速发展的中国抓住时机,成为世界第一大贸易国和第二大经济体。这个发展阶段的主要经济动力来源于四个方面:一是制度改革红利。在计划经济向市场经济转变过程中,放权让利提高了要素使用效率,降低了社会整体交易成本。梯次推进逐步增加市场交易在资源配置中的比重,实现了经济制度的平稳过渡;二是要素成本优势。人口总量庞大、结构年轻,在改革的前半程,劳动力要素价格十分低廉。在改革初期,有些地区零地价的超低用地价格吸引了国内外的资本投 Supply Side Reform - Institutional Innovation with Crisis Running In the past three decades, China had a proud transcript. Thirty years of reform and opening up, the rapid development of China seize the opportunity to become the world’s largest trading nation and the second largest economy. The main economic power in this stage of development come from four aspects: First, the dividend of system reform. During the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the delegation of power and efficiency improved the efficiency of factor use and reduced the overall transaction costs of the society. Echelon to promote the gradual increase in the proportion of market transactions in the allocation of resources to achieve a smooth transition of the economic system; Second, factor cost advantage. The population is huge and the structure is young. In the first half of the reform, labor factor prices are very low. In the early stages of reform, in some areas, the price of ultra-low land-use land has attracted domestic and foreign capital investment