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少数民族地区苗族儿童言语入学准备水平与其能否适应未来小学的学习和生活密切相关,对儿童入学后各科知识的学习及其身心健康发展具有积极的现实意义。本研究采用量化和质化相结合的方法,抽取101名一年级苗族新生为调查对象,进行言语入学准备测试,同时对4名幼儿园教师、8名小学教师、8名一年级新生家长进行访谈。研究针对苗族儿童言语入学准备在言语发音、词汇掌握、句子理解、言语表达等方面存在的不足,提出了相应的教育建议,以期为少数民族儿童入学提供一个更为公平的起点。
The preparation for the language entry of Miao children in ethnic minority areas is closely related to their ability to adapt to the learning and living of primary schools in the future. It is of positive and practical significance for the children to learn the knowledge, and develop their physical and mental health afterwards. In this study, a total of 101 freshmen of the first grade were selected as the test subjects to conduct a speech preparation test by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Four kindergarten teachers, eight primary school teachers and eight freshmen parents were interviewed at the same time. In view of the shortcomings of language preparation, vocabulary comprehension, sentence comprehension and verbal expression of Miao children’s speech preparation, the paper puts forward corresponding education suggestions in order to provide a more equitable starting point for minority children to enroll in school.