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高速高增压二冲程柴油机较之四冲程柴油机有许多优点,如比功率较 高,体积较小,气缸盖结构比较简单,工作可靠,维修方便等等。但是, 二冲程高增压柴油机也有它致命的弱点,它的空气消耗量大,排气温度低,涡轮与增压器的功率不易实现平衡,特别是在低转速下,由于排气能量较小,如果采用常规的增压系统,废气涡轮增压器的增压压力必然很低,致使柴油机在低速下,功率很小,不能满足快艇及其它运输机械的需要。因此,在高速高增压二冲程柴油机的研制过程中,如何正确地选择增压系统,并且准确地分析其变工况性能,有着十分重要的意义。
High-speed high-pressure two-stroke diesel engine compared with the four-stroke diesel engine has many advantages, such as higher specific power, smaller size, cylinder head structure is relatively simple, reliable, easy maintenance and so on. However, two-stroke turbocharged diesel engine also has its fatal weakness, its air consumption, exhaust temperature is low, the turbine and turbocharger power is not easy to achieve balance, especially at low speeds, due to the smaller exhaust energy If the conventional supercharging system is used, the supercharging pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger will inevitably be low, resulting in a low power of the diesel engine at low speed, which can not meet the needs of the speedboat and other transportation machinery. Therefore, in the process of developing high-speed and high-pressure two-stroke diesel engine, it is very important to select the pressurization system correctly and to analyze its changing performance accurately.