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【摘要】课堂教学是一项艰巨而复杂的活动。短短的四十五分钟内学生究竟能否掌握新的内容？如何去掌握？掌握后能否付诸于实践和现实生活中？这就要求我们老师课前必须认真地揣摩和构思，课后把自己的课堂教学实践作为认识的对象而进行全面的思考和总结。
【关键词】教学环节 教学互动 自主性 合作研究
【中图分类号】G633.41 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089（2012）12-0112-02
古人云：“教然后知困，知困然后能身强也。”一堂课是否真正成功，除了老师课前精心备课，课中教案的顺利实施之外，在课外还应该总结，思考授课结果是否有效，善于反思学生在学习中出现的障碍。我觉得，只有认真及时地总结教学中的得与失，我们才能有针对性的改进教学，提高学生的成绩。
以几年前所教的模块四第一单元的教学设计为例，我对当时教学设计中精心设计的教学环节，尤其是对以前教学方式进行的改进，通过设计教学反馈，如果重新上这节课，该怎么上？还会有什么其它的创新？以下是我的一点总结和反思：
一、学情分析
学生整体语言素质一般，大多数学生不能流利、连贯地表达清楚自己的意思；但在这堂课中，学生并不是被动地接受知识和从事教学活动，主要应有以下几种类型：个体活动（ individual work ），同桌活动（ pair work ）；小组活动（ group work ）。如果说全班活动中学生能积极参与课堂活动，在同桌活动和小组活动时，学生能表现的更多是生生互动、主动交流，他们思维活跃，发言踊跃的话，就已经达到了教学目的。
二、教学流程反思
Step1 Lead in
1.Through PPT, I can guide students to look at some commercial ads and public service ads
反思：1）本单元的主要话题是广告。通过观看有关肯德基，百事可乐和禁毒的广告视频，把生活案例用于教学中，调动了学生英语学习的积极性。先从视觉了解商业广告( CAs)和公益广告( PSAs)的区别。
2）课后觉得两则商业广告可以删掉一个。要进行适当取舍和整理。课前也可以让学生先准备一些相关的广告在课堂上进行交流，给学生提供自主的机会。
2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(广告词). Guess what they sell.
a. Good to the last drop.
b. The taste is great.
c. Anything is possible
d. Just do it.
e. No business too small, no problem too big.
反思：在这一环节，学生显示出极大的兴趣，个个跃跃欲试。这使我感觉到兴趣是入门的向导，是智力之母。能把知识和生活中的所见所闻联系在一起，这才能达到教学的效果。使教学形式从重教转为重学，使学生从苦学变成乐学，真正体现了以人为本的教学初衷。唯一不足的是，由于时间有限，不然还可以让学生自创一些英文广告语，或可把这项作为课后练习。
Step 2 Discussion
1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.
2.Conclude what an advertisement is a good way to make us think about problems in society or about people who need help.
3.Introduce two types of advertisements—CAs and PSAs.
4.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs
反思：1）通过类比，可以清晰了解CA和PSA之间的差异。
2）以小组的形式进行讨论、交流与合作，并选一名代表进行书写记录，最后读给全班听，老师指导：What will you do? How will you prepare for?
3） 有些学生的讨论流于形式，起不到应用的效果
4）简化不必要的过程。
Step 3 Reading
1.Fast reading
Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading, T then go on asking some questions about the passage.
2.Discuss the structure of this article。
反思：1) 由于之前的教学已通过导入和讨论的形式涉及了文章的内容，所以学生阅读起来时很轻松。
2)增加一个环节：让学生用自己的语言整理出CA和PSA的定义或区别。
CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more, the reliance is low. PSAs are to educate people about health, safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.
3.Careful reading
Read the text again and choose four questions from Part C to answer.
反思：当时考虑到Part C的问题较多，故选择了一些题目来做。看似备课过程中进行了有目的行的筛选，但没有创新。不妨换一种判断对错的形式来梳理文章的内容。如下：
Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or false.
① Advertisements are found in many places.
② PSAs are only found in newspapers.
③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.
④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.
⑤ Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.
⑥ An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.
(1 T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6T)
Step 4 Work Pairs
From the poster, what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?
三、教学案的修改篇
Step1 Lead in
1.Through videos, look at some commercial ads and public service ads。（有所删减）
2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(广告词). Guess what they sell.
a. Good to the last drop. b. The taste is great.
c. Anything is possible. d. Just do it.
e. No business too small, no problem too big.
Step 2 Discussion
1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.
2.Conclude what an advertisement is.
3.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs.
Step 3 Reading
1.Fast reading
Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading, T then go on asking some questions about the passage.
2.Discuss the structure of this article.
3.Make a definition about CAs and PSAs （增加环节）
1）CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more, the reliance is low.
2）PSAs are to educate people about health, safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.
4.Careful reading（形式替换）
Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or false.
① Advertisements are found in many places.
② PSAs are only found in newspapers.
③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.
④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.
⑤Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.
⑥An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.
Step 4 Work Pairs
1.From the poster, what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?
2.Watch some PSAs for education. ( 增加教育环节)
Step 5 Homework
四、 反思总结
1.值得改进之处
1）时间观念
2）PPT制作动画过多，容易分散学生的注意力。
3）英语作为语言，它的教学就是一种彼此敞开心扉，相互接纳的对话过程，是离不开情感交流的。这一环节尤为重要。
2.建议
1）体现自主性
2）展现合作性
我相信只要我们在教学过程中多加反思，多查阅资料，多交流讨论，定能做到在教学中创新，全面的开发学生的潜能。这样就能使学生在教师的引导下学会思考、学会分析问题，在以后碰到类似的问题时，能够自行解决。而且这种形式也能真正发挥学生的主体作用、教师的主导作用。师生交流合作，共同达到问题解决的目的。
【关键词】教学环节 教学互动 自主性 合作研究
【中图分类号】G633.41 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089（2012）12-0112-02
古人云：“教然后知困，知困然后能身强也。”一堂课是否真正成功，除了老师课前精心备课，课中教案的顺利实施之外，在课外还应该总结，思考授课结果是否有效，善于反思学生在学习中出现的障碍。我觉得，只有认真及时地总结教学中的得与失，我们才能有针对性的改进教学，提高学生的成绩。
以几年前所教的模块四第一单元的教学设计为例，我对当时教学设计中精心设计的教学环节，尤其是对以前教学方式进行的改进，通过设计教学反馈，如果重新上这节课，该怎么上？还会有什么其它的创新？以下是我的一点总结和反思：
一、学情分析
学生整体语言素质一般，大多数学生不能流利、连贯地表达清楚自己的意思；但在这堂课中，学生并不是被动地接受知识和从事教学活动，主要应有以下几种类型：个体活动（ individual work ），同桌活动（ pair work ）；小组活动（ group work ）。如果说全班活动中学生能积极参与课堂活动，在同桌活动和小组活动时，学生能表现的更多是生生互动、主动交流，他们思维活跃，发言踊跃的话，就已经达到了教学目的。
二、教学流程反思
Step1 Lead in
1.Through PPT, I can guide students to look at some commercial ads and public service ads
反思：1）本单元的主要话题是广告。通过观看有关肯德基，百事可乐和禁毒的广告视频，把生活案例用于教学中，调动了学生英语学习的积极性。先从视觉了解商业广告( CAs)和公益广告( PSAs)的区别。
2）课后觉得两则商业广告可以删掉一个。要进行适当取舍和整理。课前也可以让学生先准备一些相关的广告在课堂上进行交流，给学生提供自主的机会。
2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(广告词). Guess what they sell.
a. Good to the last drop.
b. The taste is great.
c. Anything is possible
d. Just do it.
e. No business too small, no problem too big.
反思：在这一环节，学生显示出极大的兴趣，个个跃跃欲试。这使我感觉到兴趣是入门的向导，是智力之母。能把知识和生活中的所见所闻联系在一起，这才能达到教学的效果。使教学形式从重教转为重学，使学生从苦学变成乐学，真正体现了以人为本的教学初衷。唯一不足的是，由于时间有限，不然还可以让学生自创一些英文广告语，或可把这项作为课后练习。
Step 2 Discussion
1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.
2.Conclude what an advertisement is a good way to make us think about problems in society or about people who need help.
3.Introduce two types of advertisements—CAs and PSAs.
4.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs
反思：1）通过类比，可以清晰了解CA和PSA之间的差异。
2）以小组的形式进行讨论、交流与合作，并选一名代表进行书写记录，最后读给全班听，老师指导：What will you do? How will you prepare for?
3） 有些学生的讨论流于形式，起不到应用的效果
4）简化不必要的过程。
Step 3 Reading
1.Fast reading
Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading, T then go on asking some questions about the passage.
2.Discuss the structure of this article。
反思：1) 由于之前的教学已通过导入和讨论的形式涉及了文章的内容，所以学生阅读起来时很轻松。
2)增加一个环节：让学生用自己的语言整理出CA和PSA的定义或区别。
CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more, the reliance is low. PSAs are to educate people about health, safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.
3.Careful reading
Read the text again and choose four questions from Part C to answer.
反思：当时考虑到Part C的问题较多，故选择了一些题目来做。看似备课过程中进行了有目的行的筛选，但没有创新。不妨换一种判断对错的形式来梳理文章的内容。如下：
Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or false.
① Advertisements are found in many places.
② PSAs are only found in newspapers.
③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.
④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.
⑤ Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.
⑥ An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.
(1 T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6T)
Step 4 Work Pairs
From the poster, what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?
三、教学案的修改篇
Step1 Lead in
1.Through videos, look at some commercial ads and public service ads。（有所删减）
2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(广告词). Guess what they sell.
a. Good to the last drop. b. The taste is great.
c. Anything is possible. d. Just do it.
e. No business too small, no problem too big.
Step 2 Discussion
1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.
2.Conclude what an advertisement is.
3.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs.
Step 3 Reading
1.Fast reading
Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading, T then go on asking some questions about the passage.
2.Discuss the structure of this article.
3.Make a definition about CAs and PSAs （增加环节）
1）CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more, the reliance is low.
2）PSAs are to educate people about health, safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.
4.Careful reading（形式替换）
Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or false.
① Advertisements are found in many places.
② PSAs are only found in newspapers.
③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.
④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.
⑤Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.
⑥An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.
Step 4 Work Pairs
1.From the poster, what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?
2.Watch some PSAs for education. ( 增加教育环节)
Step 5 Homework
四、 反思总结
1.值得改进之处
1）时间观念
2）PPT制作动画过多，容易分散学生的注意力。
3）英语作为语言，它的教学就是一种彼此敞开心扉，相互接纳的对话过程，是离不开情感交流的。这一环节尤为重要。
2.建议
1）体现自主性
2）展现合作性
我相信只要我们在教学过程中多加反思，多查阅资料，多交流讨论，定能做到在教学中创新，全面的开发学生的潜能。这样就能使学生在教师的引导下学会思考、学会分析问题，在以后碰到类似的问题时，能够自行解决。而且这种形式也能真正发挥学生的主体作用、教师的主导作用。师生交流合作，共同达到问题解决的目的。