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目的了解合肥地区带状疱疹的发病时间、发病年龄及性别的分布特征,为制定该病的防制措施提供科学的依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2009年3月—2014年6月在合肥市某三甲医院门诊确诊的带状疱疹患者进行统计分析,分析该病的发病时间、发病年龄及性别的分布特征。结果 2009—2014年门诊确诊带状疱疹患者共有4514例,占门诊总量的1.9%,该病全年均有发生,冬季(11、12、1、2月份)较其他季节较少些。12岁前(小学阶段以下的幼儿)发病均少见,13岁以上随年龄增长呈现逐渐增多趋势,19~42岁以及49~66岁为该病的两个发病高峰期。60岁以后,随着年龄的增大,发病率呈下降趋势。在第一个发病高峰年龄段(19~42岁)中,男性患者明显多于女性,男女之比为1.26∶1;在第二个发病高峰年龄段(49~66岁)中,女性患者明显多于男性,男女之比为0.89∶1。结论带状疱疹全年均可见,该病好发于成人,且呈现两个年龄段的发病高峰;男女的发病人数随着年龄的增长有差异。在19~42岁高发年龄段中,男性患者明显多于女性;在49~66岁高发年龄段中,女性患者明显多于男性。在高危人群中应做好宣传教育并提前做好防控措施。
Objective To understand the incidence of shingles in Hefei area, the age of onset and gender distribution, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of the disease. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the herpes zoster patients diagnosed in the outpatient clinic of a top three hospital in Hefei from March 2009 to June 2014. The onset time, onset age and sex distribution of the patients were analyzed. Results A total of 4514 outpatients were diagnosed with herpes zoster in 2009-2014, accounting for 1.9% of the total number of outpatient visits. The disease occurred all year round, with less in winter (November, December, January and February) than in other seasons. Pre-12 years old (infants below primary school) are rare, with an increasing trend of age over 13 years of age, 19 to 42 years old and 49 to 66 years of age as the two peak incidence of the disease. After the age of 60, with the increase of age, the incidence of declining trend. In the first peak incidence age (19 to 42 years), male patients were significantly more than women, male to female ratio was 1.26:1; in the second peak incidence age group (49 to 66 years), the female patients were significantly More than men, the ratio of men to women was 0.89: 1. Conclusions Shingles can be seen all year round. The disease occurs in adults and shows the peak incidence in two age groups. The incidence of men and women varies with age. In the age group of 19-42 years of age, male patients were significantly more than women; in the 49-66 year-old age group, women were significantly more than men. In high-risk groups, publicity and education should be well done and preventive measures should be taken in advance.