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目的:了解重庆地区婴幼儿社区获得性肺炎(CAP)病原学分布特点。方法:回顾性分析重庆医科大学附属儿童医院呼吸病房2009年3月～2010年2月住院治疗的1 106例CAP患儿鼻咽抽吸物细菌培养、呼吸道7种病毒、MP-PCR、CP-PCR及MP、CP血清学检测结果。结果:(1)1 106例患儿病毒检出阳性540例(48.8%),最常见病毒为RSV,共398例,占检出病毒病例的73.7%。(2)细菌检出阳性590例(53.3%),检出的最常见细菌为肺炎链球菌,共126例,占检出细菌病例的21.4%。(3)MP检出阳性67例(6.1%),CP检出阳性126例(11.4%),≤12月组MP和CP检出率低于1～3岁组(P<0.05)。(4)病原体混合检出阳性共427例(38.6%),以细菌-病毒混合检出多见(占检出混合病原体病例的55.7%)。结论:RSV是重庆地区住院治疗的婴幼儿CAP第一位病毒病原体,肺炎链球菌是检出的首位细菌病原体,病毒-细菌混合检出率较高。
Objective: To understand the distribution characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) etiology in infants and young children in Chongqing. Methods: The bacterial culture, respiratory viruses, MP-PCR and CP-PCR were analyzed in 1 106 cases of CAP children hospitalized from March 2009 to February 2010 in Respiratory Ward of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. PCR and MP, CP serological test results. Results: (1) A total of 540 cases (48.8%) were detected in 106 cases of children. The most common virus was RSV, 398 cases, accounting for 73.7% of the detected cases. (2) Bacteria were detected positive in 590 cases (53.3%). The most common bacteria detected were Streptococcus pneumoniae, a total of 126 cases, accounting for 21.4% of the detected bacterial cases. (3) MP was detected in 67 cases (6.1%) and positive in CP (126 cases, 11.4%). The detection rate of MP and CP in ≤12 months group was lower than that in 1-3 years old group (P <0.05). (4) A total of 427 positive samples (38.6%) were detected by the mixed pathogens, which was more common by bacterial-virus mixed detection (accounting for 55.7% of the detected mixed pathogens). Conclusion: RSV is the first viral pathogen of CAP in infants and young children hospitalized in Chongqing. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the first bacterial pathogen detected, and the detection rate of virus-bacteria mixture is high.