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目的总结心电图表现为巨大Epsilon波致心律失常右室心肌病(ARVC)患者的临床和心电图特点。方法分析本院于2011年1月至2014年12月收治的12导联心电图示巨大Epsilon波ARVC患者的临床和心电图特点。通过查询Medline、CNKI、VIP和万方数据库等总结该心电图特征ARVC患者的特点。结果 5例患者中男性4例。首发症状均为心悸、头昏。发作时心电图为右室起源室性心动过速。心脏超声示右室扩大;右室壁变薄,可见小凹。心电图V_1导联QRS呈“M”型;巨大Epsilon波振幅为(0.37±0.16)mV,振幅与S波比值为1.20±0.23;持续时间为(90±12.75)ms,持续时间与QRS波相比为0.60±0.06。文献报道5例患者均为男性。临床表现为心悸,晕厥发作。心电图V_1导联QRS均呈rsR′,Fontain导联、心向量和晚电位证实该R′波为Epsilon波。V_1导联Epsilon波振幅为(0.52±0.35)mV,振幅与S波比值为1.18±0.74;持续时间(96.0±11.4)ms,持续时间与QRS波相比为0.65±0.08。结论临床上巨大Epsilon波ARVC患者少见,右室激动延缓,心律失常发生率高。
Objective To summarize the clinical and electrocardiographic features of patients with giant Epsilon waves of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The clinical and electrocardiographic features of patients with giant Epsilon wave ARVC in our department from January 2011 to December 2014 were analyzed. By consulting Medline, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database to summarize the characteristics of patients with ARVC. Results Among 5 patients, 4 were male. The first symptoms are palpitations, dizziness. The electrocardiogram is the onset of right ventricular ventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography showed right ventricular enlargement; right ventricular wall thinning, showing a small concave. The QRS of ECG V_1 was “M” type. The amplitude of giant Epsilon wave was (0.37 ± 0.16) mV and the ratio of amplitude to S wave was 1.20 ± 0.23; the duration was (90 ± 12.75) ms, Compared to 0.60 ± 0.06. Reported in the literature were 5 patients were male. Clinical manifestations of palpitations, syncope episodes. QRS of ECG V_1 leads showed rsR ’, Fontain lead, cardiac vector and late potentials confirmed the R’ wave as Epsilon wave. V_1 lead Epsilon wave amplitude was (0.52 ± 0.35) mV, amplitude and S wave ratio was 1.18 ± 0.74; duration (96.0 ± 11.4) ms, the duration was 0.65 ± 0.08 compared with QRS wave. Conclusions The patients with giant Epsilon wave ARVC are rare in clinical practice, with delayed right ventricular activation and high incidence of arrhythmia.