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目的了解浙江省杭州市部分地区小学生对近视的认知和态度,为制定视力保健干预方案提供科学依据。方法 2014年采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在杭州市随机抽取6所小学,并对其二~四年级3 091名小学生进行问卷调查。结果 469名小学生佩戴眼镜,占15.17%。93.43%(2 888/3 091)小学生觉得近视很不好,0.92%(36/3 091)觉得近视很棒,觉得戴眼镜很酷。不同年龄、性别、年级以及是否佩戴眼镜的小学生对近视的总体感觉不同,且差异有统计学意义。多分类有序logistic逐步回归显示,年龄越大,觉得近视很不好的比例越低(OR=0.757,95%CI=0.650~0.882);与男生相比较,女生觉得近视很不好比例较高(OR=1.340,95%CI=1.003~1.790);不戴眼镜的学生比戴眼镜的学生觉得近视很不好的比例高(OR=2.075,95%CI=1.492~2.885)。结论不同特征小学生对近视的认知存在差异,应采取针对性的措施提高小学生用眼卫生与健康。
Objective To understand the cognition and attitude of pupils in myopia in some areas of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating the program of vision care intervention. Methods In 2014, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 6 primary schools in Hangzhou City and survey the 3 091 primary school students in grades 2 to 4. Results 469 primary school students wearing glasses, accounting for 15.17%. 93.43% (2 888/3 091) Primary school students think myopia is very bad, 0.92% (36/3 091) think myopia is great and think wearing glasses is cool. The overall feeling of myopia was different among pupils of different age, sex, grade, and whether wearing glasses, and the difference was statistically significant. The multi-class and orderly logistic stepwise regression showed that the older the group, the lower the perceived poor myopia (OR = 0.757, 95% CI = 0.650-0.882). Compared with boys, the girls felt that myopia was in a poor condition with a higher proportion (OR = 1.340, 95% CI = 1.003-1.790). Students who did not wear glasses had a higher rate of myopia than students with glasses (OR = 2.075, 95% CI = 1.492-2.885). Conclusion There are differences in perception of myopia among pupils with different characteristics. Targeted measures should be taken to improve pupils’ eye health and health.