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441.答:e.患者血液标本中存在抗凝物质时会导致异常凝血试验结果,通过加入正常血浆仍不能得到纠正。当患者确有凝血因子(Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅻ、Ⅱ)缺乏时,加入正常血浆则可得到纠正。442.答:d.在观察血涂片时,初学者有时会看不到血小板,便签发报告或重新采集血标本。实际上在此情况下首先应检查血标本是否有凝块。因为哪怕是很小的凝块,都可以消耗上百万的血小板。443.答:e.遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者的红细胞渗透性降低,脆性增加。这是一种红细胞本身的异常,换句话说,红细胞知道自己呈球形且存活期缩短。这类患者通常需行脾切除术和输血疗法。供者红细胞的存活期不会受影响,如果是新鲜血液的话,预期可在受者体内存活100～120天。
441. Answer: e. The presence of anticoagulant in the patient’s blood specimen results in an abnormal coagulation test, which can not be corrected by addition of normal plasma. When the patient does have clotting factor (Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅻ, Ⅱ) lack of access to normal plasma can be corrected. 442. Answer: d. During the observation of blood smears, beginners sometimes do not see platelets, and they will issue a report or re-collect blood samples. In fact, in this case should first check whether there is blood clots in the blood sample. Because even small clots can consume millions of platelets. 443. A: e. Erythrocyte permeability decreased and fragility increased in patients with hereditary spherocytosis. This is an abnormal erythrocyte itself, in other words, the erythrocytes know that they are spherical and have shortened survival. Such patients usually require splenectomy and transfusion therapy. Donor red blood cell survival will not be affected, if it is fresh blood, it is expected to survive in the recipient body 100 to 120 days.