目的分析新生儿气腹的临床X线表现,探讨气腹发病原因及发生部位,以期为临床治疗提供资料。方法选择2009年1月至2015年6月本院收治的新生儿气腹患儿临床资料,回顾性分析其临床X线特点,发病原因及转归情况。结果共纳入新生儿气腹患儿12例,发病日龄3~15天,其中胃穿孔6例,5例胃泡明显,1例胃泡较小,表现为液体量多,胃泡消失或胃泡瘪小不规则,小肠无或仅有少量气体;肠穿孔6例,2例小肠壁肌层缺损穿孔,1例小肠溃疡穿孔,1例结肠壁肌层缺损穿孔,2例坏死性肠炎导致穿孔,表现为腹腔液体较多、小肠胀气扩张明显,肠壁增厚、可见肠壁积气及肠腔内多发小气液平面。结论新生儿气腹诊断较容易,根据不同原因导致气腹的临床X线特点,可结合临床表现对发病原因及部位做出初步诊断。 Objective To analyze the clinical X-ray findings of neonates with pneumoperitoneum and explore the causes and locations of pneumoperitoneum in order to provide information for clinical treatment. Methods The clinical data of neonates with pneumoperitoneum admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed, and their clinical features, causes and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 12 children with pneumoperitoneum were included in the study. The age of onset was 3 to 15 days. Among them, 6 were gastric perforation, 5 were obvious, 1 were smaller, Small bowel irregular, small intestine or only a small amount of gas; intestinal perforation in 6 cases, 2 cases of small intestinal wall muscle perforation, 1 case of intestinal ulcer perforation, 1 case of colon wall defects perforation, 2 cases of necrotic enteritis caused perforation , Manifested as more peritoneal fluid, flatulence expansion obvious, thickening of the intestinal wall, visible intestinal wall and multiple intestinal gas-liquid plane. Conclusion neonatal pneumoperitoneum diagnosis easier, according to different causes of clinical X-ray pneumoperitoneum characteristics, combined with clinical manifestations of the causes and parts of the initial diagnosis.