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〔答〕伤寒病人传染源主要为伤寒病人和带菌者。伤寒带菌者可分恢复期带菌与健康带菌两种情况。前者指病后3个月的带菌者,亦称为暂时带菌者。但有人主张病后1年才能算慢性带菌者。个别病例可带菌数年甚至终身。慢性带菌者既可来自伤寒病后,亦可并无伤寒病史,在健康检查时发现带菌者。带菌部位多在胆囊,亦有尿路带菌者。带菌率:伤寒恢复期带菌率为1.97～13.6%不等,而健康慢带性菌者约0.1～0.3%左右。所有带菌者,尤其是慢性带菌者是引起伤寒不断传播或流行的传染源。因此,在流行病学上具有重要意义。对伤寒带菌者的处理关键在于:(1)抗生素的选择,伤寒恢复期带菌可以自动消失,但部分病例需
〔A〕 Typhoid infection mainly typhoid patients and carriers. Typhoid carriers can be divided into recovery and healthy carrier with two cases. The former refers to carriers 3 months after illness carriers, also known as temporary carriers. However, some people claim that one year after illness can be counted as chronic carriers. Individual cases can be carried for years or even lifetime. Chronic carriers can come from typhoid fever, but also no history of typhoid fever, found in health checks carried carriers. Binding sites in the gallbladder, there are also urinary tract carriers. Carriage rate: typhoid recovery rate of 1.97 ~ 13.6% range, while healthy chronic bacteria about 0.1 ~ 0.3%. All carriers, especially chronic carriers, are sources of infection that cause the spread or spread of typhoid fever. Therefore, it is of great significance in epidemiology. The key to the handling of typhoid carriers: (1) the choice of antibiotics, typhoid recovery period can automatically disappear, but in some cases