本文用正交试验设计和方差分析的方法,对结构静力试验位移测量系统进行了误差分析。针对北京强度与环境研究所静力试验大厅(40~#厂房)中位移测量系统的构成和实践经验,选取五因素三水平并考虑交互作用的试验方案。得到了不同量程下位移测量系统的总误差,找出了影响误差的主要因素。同时,对试验分析和理论分析进行了比较。最后,对减小测量误差提出具体建议。 In this paper, the error analysis of the static measurement displacement measurement system was conducted by using orthogonal test design and analysis of variance. In view of the composition and practical experience of the displacement measurement system in the static test hall (40~# workshop) of the Beijing Institute of Strength and Environment, a five-factor three-level test plan with interactive effects was selected. The total error of the displacement measurement system under different ranges was obtained, and the main factors affecting the error were found out. At the same time, a comparison was made between experimental analysis and theoretical analysis. Finally, specific suggestions for reducing measurement errors are provided.