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通过对石家庄市1955~2012年气象资料分析,明确了年均气温、≥0℃积温呈升高趋势,特别是近20年≥0℃积温升高明显,各季节≥0℃积温增加不均衡,以小麦季(春、秋)增加较多,比常年增加151.9℃,玉米季(夏季)增加较少为58.3℃;近20年该地区小麦冬前10~11月份≥0℃积温比常年增加44.6℃,冬前积温增加不利于其安全越冬,小麦播期应适当做出调整;根据热量资源增加情况与小麦冬前、玉米成熟积温需求,提出应通过小麦-玉米耕作制度优化,重点调整秋季小麦-玉米上下茬热量资源配置,定向减少增量积温资源在小麦上的配置,增加下茬玉米生长季积温资源,使热量资源在小麦-玉米上下茬循环高效利用,实现两季高产。
Through the analysis of meteorological data from 1955 to 2012 in Shijiazhuang City, the annual average temperature is clearly defined, and the accumulated temperature at ≥0 ℃ shows an increasing trend. Especially in the past 20 years, the accumulated temperature rises obviously at ≥0 ℃ and the accumulated temperature at ≥0 ℃ increases unevenly in each season (Spring and autumn), increasing 151.9 ℃ over the normal year and 58.3 ℃ less for the maize (summer). The accumulated temperature of ≥0 ℃ in the wheat from October to November in the recent 20 years increased more than that in the past 20 years 44.6 ℃. The increase of accumulated temperature before winter is unfavorable for its safe winter, and the sowing date of wheat should be properly adjusted. According to the increase of caloric resources and the requirement of maturing accumulated temperature of wheat before winter, it is suggested that the optimization of tillage system of wheat and corn and the adjustment of autumn Wheat - corn stubble allocation of heat resources, directed to reduce the accumulation of incremental accumulation of temperature on the allocation of wheat resources in the next growing season to increase temperature accumulation of resources, so that heat resources in wheat - corn stubble cycle efficient use of high yield in two seasons.