目的 研究P53基因产物在肝细胞癌中的表达及与肝细胞癌临床病理学特征的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学技术，检测50例肝癌及癌旁组织中P53蛋白的表达。结果 肝癌突变型P53蛋白表达阳性率为32%(16/50)，癌旁组织均为阴性；有门静脉癌栓31例，P53蛋白阳性率为45%(14/31)，而无门静脉癌栓19例仅2例为阳性(P＜0..05)；血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)≥400μg/L 36例，P53蛋白阳性率为41%(15/36)，AFP＜400μg/L 14例仅1例阳性(P＜0..05)。结论 P53基因的突变发生在肝癌启动阶段之后；P53基因突变与AFP关系密切；P53蛋白对判断肝癌预后有重要意义。 Objective To study the expression of P53 gene product in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of P53 protein in 50 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent tissues. Results The positive rate of P53 protein expression in liver cancer was 32% (16/50), negative in paracancerous tissues, and there were 31 cases of portal vein tumor thrombosis. The positive rate of P53 protein was 45% (14/31) without portal vein tumor thrombus. In 19 cases, only 2 cases were positive (P<0..05); serum AFP was ≥400μg/L in 36 cases; P53 protein positive rate was 41% (15/36); AFP was less than 400μg/L in 14 cases. Only 1 case was positive (P<0..05). Conclusion The mutation of P53 gene occurs after the initiation stage of liver cancer; P53 gene mutation is closely related to AFP; P53 protein has important significance in judging the prognosis of liver cancer.