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随着社会科学的发展和国家治理的需要,民族理论专业原有的知识体系和研究内容逐渐地得到拓展,呈现与其他社会学科交叉发展的良好势头。其中,民族理论与政治学的融合发展较为突出。相比“民族政治学”的名称,“民族理论与政治”的概括,一是强调继承以马克思主义理论为主导,并容纳其他政治哲学中关于民族和族群的理论而形成的民族理论的研究范式和成果,二是强调国家在场,将民族政治的场域更多地设定在多民族国家建构与治理的范畴,并凸显以民族国情、民族类型与国家结构、国家政体等结合而形成的族、国关系和道路模式对于民族政治的界定作用。民族理论与政治研究除了原有的研究方法,可结合政治哲学和比较政治学的方法、路径。文章选取民族概念、民族主义概念、多民族国家建构与治理三个方面,对于民族理论与政治的研究做出示例探讨。
With the development of social science and the need of state governance, the original knowledge system and research contents of ethnic theoretical majors have been gradually expanded, showing a good momentum of cross-development with other social disciplines. Among them, the integration and development of ethnic theory and political science are more prominent. Compared with the name of “ethnology” and “ethnic theory and politics,” one is to emphasize the inheritance of ethnic groups formed by the theory of Marxism and accommodating the theories of nations and ethnic groups in other political philosophies The second is to emphasize the presence of the state, to set the field of ethnic politics more in the construction and governance of the multi-ethnic country, and to highlight the combination of national conditions, ethnicity, national structure and state system, etc. The formation of ethnic, national relations and the road to define the role of national politics. In addition to the original research methods, ethnic theory and political studies can combine the methods and paths of political philosophy and comparative politics. The article chooses the concept of nationality, the concept of nationalism and the construction and governance of multi-ethnic countries from three aspects, and makes a case study on the research of nationality theory and politics.