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基于惠更斯—费涅尔原理，利用基尔霍夫公式给出了球面波垂直入射下理想导体面上圆形口径面的轴向场解析表达式，从而严格精确地解决了其轴向近场的求解问题．根据经典解析方法并辅以数值计算手段，给出口径面在几种不同归一化尺寸下的轴向场分布图．此外还探讨了口径面尺寸对轴向定点场强大小的影响，发现在给定的轴向点，将存在一系列使该点场强取极大值的口径尺寸，其中第一个解是最佳的．最后给出求解最佳尺寸的一组通用公式．
Based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle, the axial field analytical expression of the circular aperture surface on the ideal conductor surface of a spherical wave with normal incidence is given by using Kirchhoff’s formula, so as to accurately and strictly solve the problem that its axial direction is near Solve the problem field. According to the classical analytical method and the numerical calculation method, the axial field distribution of the caliber plane under several different normalized sizes is given. In addition, the influence of the size of the aperture surface on the size of the axial fixed point field is also discussed. It is found that at a given axial point, there will be a series of aperture sizes that will strongly maximize the point field. The first solution is the most important Good Finally, a set of general formulas for solving the optimal size is given.