新疆塔里木垦区属于高寒干燥稻区,地多人少,播期紧凑(20余天),机耕作业较多,劳力与机力均较紧张。根据群众反映与田间调查,发现漏耕处的稻苗比翻耕的还好;我们在5亩地上连续三年进行免耕试验,取得较好效果。这是一块玉米茬地,1974年翻耕种水稻,亩产723斤,1975年开始连续免耕,产量逐年上升,亩产稳定在千斤以上(1975年1079.3斤,1976年1146.9斤,1977年1454.9斤)。1977年又在免耕地划出一部分进行翻耕后的对比,明显看出,翻耕地比免耕地杂草长得多,作物长势差,亩产相差426.7～499.8斤。免耕地由于不翻动土层,下层的杂草种子不易发芽,杂草逐年减少,表土里的稻茬容易腐烂,还可减少肥料挥发损失,地越种越肥。免耕法还缩短了生长期(参见表1、表2)。因为这里昼夜温 Tarim reclamation area in Xinjiang is a cold and dry paddy area, with less people, sowing time (more than 20 days), more tillage operations, labor and mechanical power are more intense. According to the mass survey and field survey, it was found that the paddy field at the tilled farmland was better than the tilled farmland; and we achieved no-tillage test on the 5 mu of land for three consecutive years and achieved good results. This is a piece of corn stubble. In 1974, tillage paddy was planted with a yield of 723 kg per mu. Since 1975, no-tillage has been carried out. The output has been increasing year by year. The yield per mu is stable at over 10kg (1079.3 kg in 1975, 1146.9 kg in 1976 and 1454.9 kg in 1977) ). In 1977, after another part of no-till land was plotted for tillage, it was obvious that the tillage land was much longer than the non-tillage weeds and the crop was poor with a yield difference of 426.7-499.8 kg per mu. No-tillage land does not flip the soil, the lower the weed seeds is not easy to germination, weeds year after year, the surface of the paddy perishable, but also reduce the loss of fertilizer volatility, the more the more seed fertilizer. No-till also shortened the growth period (see Table 1, Table 2). Because it is warm day and night here