原始神经外胚层肿瘤(primitive neuroectodermal tumor,PNET)属于高度恶性的神经系统胚胎类小圆细胞肿瘤,根据发病部位分为中枢型和外周型。中枢型PNET主要发生于小脑,而外周型PNET则多发于长骨与骨盆,发生在肾脏较罕见。本例为发生于肾移植术后移植肾的原发性PNET。1材料与方法1.1临床资料患者男性,42岁。2年前因“尿毒 The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) belongs to the highly malignant nervous system embryonal small-cell tumor, which is divided into central type and peripheral type according to the site of the disease. Central PNET mainly occurs in the cerebellum, while peripheral PNET is more common in long bones and pelvis, occurring in the kidney is rare. In this case, the primary PNET occurred in renal transplant recipients. 1 Materials and Methods 1.1 Clinical data Patients Male, 42 years old. 2 years ago because of ”uremia