目的研究双歧杆菌四联活菌片中的蜡样芽胞杆菌对小鼠腹泻治疗作用的影响。方法将SPF小鼠采用抗生素联合伤寒沙门菌和志贺菌诱导建立腹泻模型,取112只造模成功后的小鼠随机分为7组,其中三组分别喂养3种不同剂量的四联活菌片,三组分别喂养3种不同剂量的不含蜡样芽胞杆菌的三联活菌片,余下一组为对照组灌胃生理盐水。比较各组小鼠腹泻的治愈时间,测定粪便菌群、结肠组织耗氧能力及氧化还原电势、肠内sIgA含量及脾脏指数变化。结果相同剂量条件下,含蜡样芽胞杆菌的四联活菌片治愈腹泻时间比三联活菌片缩短48~72h。治疗48h后,四联活菌片组肠内sIgA水平明显增加,与三联活菌片组相比差异有统计学意义(t=5.5783,P=0.0002);治疗结束后,四联活菌片组的脾脏指数也显著高于三联活菌片组(t=18.8648,P=0.0001)。结论含蜡样芽胞杆菌的四联活菌片对小鼠腹泻的治疗及肠道菌群的恢复作用比三联活菌片效果更佳,能显著促进腹泻小鼠肠黏膜局部免疫力的提高。 Objective To study the effect of Bacillus cereus of Bifidobacterium quadriceps in treating diarrhea in mice. Methods SPF mice were induced by antibiotics combined with Salmonella typhi and Shigella to establish a diarrhea model. One hundred and twelve mice were randomly divided into seven groups, of which three groups were fed with three different doses , Three groups were fed three different doses of Bacillus cereus without ternary viable tablets, the remaining one group for the control group gavage saline. The healing time of diarrhea in each group was compared. The fecal flora, the oxygen consumption capacity of the colon tissue and the redox potential, intestinal sIgA content and spleen index were measured. Results Under the same dose, the viable live quadriceps containing Bacillus cereus was able to cure diarrhea for 48 ~ 72h shorter than that of triple live bacilli. The intestinal sIgA level increased significantly after 48 hours of treatment, which was significantly different from that of TEFL group (t = 5.5783, P = 0.0002). After the treatment, The spleen index was also significantly higher than that of triple viable tablet group (t = 18.8648, P = 0.0001). Conclusions Tetrahydrobacter invitro Bacillus cereus can improve diarrhea and intestinal mucosal immunity in mice by treating diarrhea and recovering intestinal microflora better than that of viable parasite.