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针对大功率半导体直接输出激光加工系统的应用,本文搭建了由大功率半导体激光器、工控机、机械手运动系统、测温仪和WAGO通讯模块等组成的激光加工系统的硬件平台,提出了大功率半导体激光直接输出加工过程中激光加工温度的控制方法,设计了基于Lab Windows/CVI交互式软件开发环境的PID和模糊控制算法,并且通过现场实验对两种控制算法的各个参数进行了精确整定。整定后的PID和模糊的温度控制效果良好,PID控制的温度峰值时间只有0.45s,最大超调量为3.28%,稳态均方根误差为1.01℃;模糊控制的温度峰值时间为0.93s,最大超调量为1.5%,稳态均方根误差为2.22℃。为了对比两种控制策略的实际控制效果,以设定温度为1 250℃,启动功率为500 W,45#钢基体为实验条件,分别对整定后的PID控制和模糊控制以不同的扫描速度进行激光相变硬化实验,实验发现随着扫描速度的增加,PID控制与模糊控制的稳定性都有所降低,但是在相同扫描速度下,模糊控制的超调量较小,温度控制更稳定。因此模糊控制策略更适合于本控制系统,最终本系统采用模糊控制作为激光加工的温度控制策略。
Aiming at the application of high power semiconductor direct output laser processing system, this paper builds a hardware platform of laser processing system composed of high power semiconductor laser, industrial computer, robot motion system, thermometer and WAGO communication module, The control method of laser processing temperature in the process of laser direct output machining is designed. PID and fuzzy control algorithm based on Lab Windows / CVI interactive software development environment is designed. And the parameters of the two control algorithms are accurately set by field experiments. The adjusted PID and fuzzy temperature control effect is good, PID control temperature peak time is only 0.45s, the maximum overshoot is 3.28%, the steady-state root mean square error is 1.01 ℃; Fuzzy control of the temperature peak time is 0.93s, The maximum overshoot is 1.5% and the steady-state root mean square error is 2.22 ° C. In order to compare the actual control effects of the two control strategies, set the temperature of 1 250 ℃, the starting power of 500 W, 45 # steel substrate as the experimental conditions, respectively, after the PID control and setting the fuzzy control at different scanning speeds Experimental results show that with the increase of scanning speed, the stability of PID control and fuzzy control are both reduced, but at the same scanning speed, the overshoot of fuzzy control is smaller and the temperature control is more stable. Therefore, fuzzy control strategy is more suitable for this control system, and finally the system uses fuzzy control as a laser control temperature control strategy.