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选择合理的种植制度,可使北京市种植业既能克服水资源限制,又能更好地发挥农业抑制扬尘的生态服务功能,兼顾农民兼业增收的要求,从而满足北京市种植业发展的需要。本文采用文献研究、试验和调研相结合的方法,对北京市种植制度调整的必要性和不同种植制度的效益进行探讨。对春玉米一熟制和冬小麦-夏玉米两熟制多种效益的比较表明,春玉米一熟制虽比冬小麦-夏玉米两熟制经济效益略低,但具有较好的环境效益、较低的水资源消耗,且有利于农民兼业增收,是更符合北京市都市农业发展要求的种植制度。
Choosing a reasonable planting system can make Beijing’s farming industry not only overcome water resources constraints but also give full play to ecological service functions of agricultural dust suppression and take into consideration the requirements of farmers for increasing their income by industry in order to meet the needs of the development of planting industry in Beijing . In this paper, the combination of literature research, experiment and research is used to discuss the necessity of the adjustment of planting system and the benefits of different planting systems in Beijing. The comparison of multiple benefits of spring corn and cooked wheat and summer maize double cropping system shows that although the economic efficiency of spring corn is lower than that of winter wheat and summer maize, it has better environmental benefits and lower Of water resources consumption, and is conducive to farmers to increase their income by industry, is more in line with Beijing’s urban development requirements of agricultural planting system.