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目的 :了解医专学生心理健康状况及主要影响因素。方法 :采用SCL - 90自评量表及自拟调查表对大同医专 846名学生进行测试。结果 :研究对象的心理健康水平显著低于国内常模 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;主要心理问题为强迫、抑郁、人际关系及敌对。女生组在人际关系、恐怖、抑郁因子上的得分显著高于男生 ,而男生组的敌对因子得分明显高于女生 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5)。不同年级学生的SCL - 90各因子分及总分之间差异显著 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5) ,且随着年级的增高 ,各因子分及总分均减少。多元逐步回归结果提示 ,影响医专生心理健康状况的因素主要有受人歧视和冷遇、害怕考试、担心自己不能胜任未来工作等 1 3个因素。结论 :应对医专生加强心理健康教育 ,且工作的重点应放在低年级及女生组的学生。
Objective: To understand the mental health of medical students and the main influencing factors. Methods: 846 students in Datong Medical College were tested with self - rating SCL - 90 and self - questionnaire. Results: The mental health of the subjects was significantly lower than that of the domestic norm (P <0.01). The main psychological problems were coercion, depression, interpersonal relationship and hostility. Female students score significantly higher than male students in relationship, fear and depression, while male students score significantly higher than female students (P <0.01 or P <0.05). There was significant difference (P <0.01 or P <0.05) between the SCL - 90 scores and the total scores of students in different grades. And with the increase of grades, the scores of each factor and total score decreased. The results of multiple stepwise regression suggest that the main factors affecting the mental health status of medical students are discrimination and cold reception, fear of examination, fear of being unable to handle 13 tasks such as future work. Conclusion: To strengthen the mental health education of medical students, and the focus of the work should be placed in the lower grades and girls group of students.