过去在计划经济体制下,国务院工交部门建立了一批技术装备优良、规模较大、人才济济的大型科研院所。科技体制改革后,为适应市场经济新体制的需要,这些院所都陆续向技术开发型科研机构转变。我院是在这一转变过程中发展起来的一个技术开发型院所。 笔者根据多年参加课题研究和设备管理工作实践的体会,就如何适应市场经济体制的需要,改进技术开发型科研单位的设备管理问题做一些探讨。 一、科技体制改革前存在的主要问题 改革前,科研院所属于所谓“吃皇粮”的事业单位,经费全部由国家供给。这种体制存在不少问题,主要表现在: 一是设备投资计划缺乏科学性。由于设备靠国家投资,致使不少单位不顾实际情况和条件,盲目申请购置,造成很大浪费、如某室1985年从美国引进气象色谱仪一台,因引进前未进行可行性论证,导致引进后设备长期闲置。 二是设备投资计划缺乏统一管理,申请者和审批 In the past under the planned economic system, the State Council’s industrial and commercial department established a large number of large-scale scientific research institutes with excellent technical equipment, large scale, and talented people. After the reform of the science and technology system, in order to meet the needs of the new system of market economy, these institutes have gradually shifted to technological development and scientific research institutions. Our institute is a technology development institution developed during this transformation. Based on the experience of many years participating in research and equipment management practices, the author does some research on how to adapt to the needs of the market economy system and improve the equipment management of technological development research institutes. I. Main problems existing before the reform of the science and technology system Prior to the reform, scientific research institutes belonged to the so-called “grain-for-grain food” institutions and all funds were provided by the state. There are many problems in this system, mainly reflected in: First, the lack of scientific equipment investment plan. Because the equipment relies on state investment, many units blindly applied for purchases, resulting in great waste. For example, in one room, a meteorological chromatographic instrument was imported from the United States in 1985, which was not introduced because of the feasibility study before introduction. After long idle equipment. The second is the lack of unified management of equipment investment plans, applicants and approvals