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以平均粒径和多分散性指数为参数、采用原子力显微镜(AFM)表征了不同地区三种土壤纳米胶体的粒径与形貌,研究了pH及重金属离子对纳米胶体粒径和形貌的影响。结果表明,江苏九华(JH-4)土壤纳米胶体主要为形状规则的黏土矿物粒子,并部分被有机质包裹或覆盖,平均粒径为21.5nm(n=98),多分散性程度高(PI=1.9);浙江富阳(FY-1)土壤纳米胶体主要是无规则形状的有机质包裹的粒子,平均粒径为20.3nm(n=133),多分散性程度高(PI=2.0);江西德兴(DX-9)土壤纳米胶体主要是球状或近球状的无机粒子,平均粒径为56.3nm(n=147),多分散性程度较低(PI=1.3)。pH及重金属铜离子的存在对纳米胶体粒径和形貌会产生或分散或团聚的影响,这种影响可能与土壤纳米胶体的电荷性质、有机质含量等因素有关,形貌变化较为复杂。这种复杂性对理解和研究胶体在环境过程中的行为具有指导意义。
The average particle size and polydispersity index were used as parameters to characterize the particle size and morphology of three types of soil nanocolloids in different regions by atomic force microscope (AFM). The effects of pH and heavy metal ions on the particle size and morphology . The results showed that the soil nano-colloid of JH-4 in Jiangsu Province mainly consisted of regular-shaped clay mineral particles and was partially covered or covered by organic matter with an average particle size of 21.5 nm (n = 98) and a high degree of polydispersity (PI = 1.9). FY-1 soil nanocolloids were mainly organic particles with irregular shape and the average particle size was 20.3nm (n = 133) and polydispersity (PI = 2.0) The soil nanocolloids (DX-9) were mainly spherical or nearly spherical inorganic particles with an average particle size of 56.3nm (n = 147) and a low degree of polydispersity (PI = 1.3). The influence of pH and heavy metal copper ion on the particle size and morphology of the nanocolloid may be caused by dispersion or agglomeration. This effect may be related to the charge properties and organic matter content of the soil nanocolloid, and the morphology changes are complicated. This complexity is instructive in understanding and studying the behavior of colloids in the environment.