论文部分内容阅读
处于脑死亡的有机体虽已脱离中枢神经系统的控制而失去内环境平衡,但若供给充足的氧和能量,则可延长各脏器寿命,以应用于临床的器官移植。由于考虑到脑死亡患者机体与受者机体的内环境不同,且主要与体液性调节因素有关,因此,补充激素以保持脑死亡患者的脏器功能,应认为是合理的对策。关于脑死亡后的内分泌变化与激素疗法的可能性,研究发现,脑死亡后数日仍可检出各种垂体激素,刺激垂体前叶可出现反应,而刺激丘脑下部则无反应,从而说明脑死亡者系处于全垂体功能低下(panhy popituitarism)状态。其原因与其说是脑垂体,莫如说丘脑下部机能停止更重要。当视丘下部-脑垂体功能障碍时,主要可引起5种内分泌异常,即ACTH-考的松、TSH-甲状腺激素、生长激素、性激素及抗利尿激素(ADH)等的分泌异常。此外,从脑垂体独立分出来的内分泌系统还有血管紧张素原酶—血管紧张素—醛固酮系统、胰岛素及消化道激素等。
Organisms in brain death have lost their homeostasis even though they are out of control of the central nervous system. However, providing enough oxygen and energy can extend the life span of various organs to be used in clinical organ transplants. Considering that the internal environment of the body of the brain-dead patient and the recipient’s body are different and are mainly related to the humoral regulatory factors, it is considered a reasonable countermeasure to add hormones to maintain the organ function of the brain-dead patients. On the endocrine changes after brain death and the possibility of hormone therapy, the study found that a few days after brain death can still detect a variety of pituitary hormones to stimulate the anterior pituitary response may stimulate the lower part of the hypothalamus was no response, indicating that the brain death system In the state of panhy popituitarism. The reason is not so much the pituitary gland, such as hypothyroidism is more important to stop functioning. When the lower part of the hypothalamus - pituitary dysfunction, it can cause five kinds of endocrine abnormalities, namely, ACTH-Cortisone, TSH-thyroid hormone, growth hormone, sex hormone and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) secretion abnormalities. In addition, separate from the pituitary endocrine system also angiotensinogen enzyme - angiotensin - aldosterone system, insulin and gastrointestinal hormones.